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arXiv 1207.3979astro-ph.HEastro-ph.CO
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blazar 4C 38.41(B3 1633+382)从GHz频率到GeV能量的变化

Variability of the blazar 4C 38.41 (B3 1633+382) from GHz frequencies to GeV energies

C. M. Raiteri, M. Villata, P. S. Smith, V. M. Larionov, J. A. Acosta-Pulido, M. F. Aller, F. D'Ammando, M. A. Gurwell, S. G. Jorstad, M. Joshi, O. M. Kurtanidze… 展开作者

C. M. Raiteri, M. Villata, P. S. Smith, V. M. Larionov, J. A. Acosta-Pulido, M. F. Aller, F. D'Ammando, M. A. Gurwell, S. G. Jorstad, M. Joshi, O. M. Kurtanidze, A. Lähteenmäki, D. O. Mirzaqulov, I. Agudo, H. D. Aller, M. J. Arévalo, A. A. Arkharov, U. Bach, E. Benítez, A. Berdyugin, D. A. Blinov, K. Blumenthal, C. S. Buemi, A. Bueno, T. M. Carleton, M. I. Carnerero, D. Carosati, C. Casadio, W. P. Chen, A. Di Paola, M. Dolci, N. V. Efimova, Sh. A. Ehgamberdiev, J. L. Gómez, A. I. Gonzále, V. A. Hagen-Thorn, J. Heidt, D. Hiriart, Sh. Holikov, T. S. Konstantinova, E. N. Kopatskaya, E. Koptelova, S. O. Kurtanidze, E. G. Larionova, L. V. Larionova, J. León-Tavares, P. Leto, H. C. Lin, E. Lindfors, A. P. Marscher, I. M. McHardy, S. N. Molina, D. A. Morozova, R. Mujica, M. G. Nikolashvili, K. Nilsson, E. P. Ovcharov, N. Panwar, M. Pasanen, I. Puerto-Gimenez, R. Reinthal, G. M. Richter, J. A. Ros, T. Sakamoto, R. D. Schwartz, A. Sillanpää, N. Smith, L. O. Takalo, J. Tammi, B. Taylor, C. Thum, M. Tornikoski, C. Trigilio, I. S. Troitsky, G. Umana, A. T. Valcheva, A. E. Wehrle

摘要:

类星体类型的耀变体4C 38.41(B3 1633+382)在2011年经历了一次大爆发,在整个电磁波谱中都被探测到。我们提出的低能量多频监测的结果,由GASP项目的WEBT财团和合作者,以及在斯图尔特天文台的分光偏振/分光光度监测。我们还分析了斯威夫特和费米卫星的高能量观测。在光学紫外波段,几个结果表明,有一个类星体的排放组件的贡献,除了变量和偏振喷流排放。非偏振的发射成分很可能是来自吸积盘的热辐射,它稀释了喷流的偏振。我们估计它的亮度为R(QSO)~ 17.85 - 18,并导出了内禀喷流偏振度。我们发现光学和射电光变曲线之间没有明显的相关性,而光学和γ射线通量之间的相关性明显地随着时间的推移而减弱,这可能是因为光学与γ射线通量之比的增加。与其他耀变体一样,4C 38.41的长期变化可以用不均匀的弯曲喷流来解释,其中不同的发射区域可以改变它们相对于视线的排列,导致多普勒因子δ的变化。假设在2008-2011年期间,一周时间尺度上所有的γ射线和光学变化都是由于δ的变化,这将在~ 7和~ 21之间。如果可变性仅由视角θ的变化引起,则θ将从约2.6度变为约5度。视角的变化也可以解释在喷流激波模型的框架内偏振度对源亮度的依赖性。

英文摘要:

The quasar-type blazar 4C 38.41 (B3 1633+382) experienced a large outburst in 2011, which was detected throughout the entire electromagnetic spectrum. We present the results of low-energy multifrequency monitoring by the GASP project of the WEBT consortium and collaborators, as well as those of spectropolarimetric/spectrophotometric monitoring at the Steward Observatory. We also analyse high-energy observations of the Swift and Fermi satellites. In the optical-UV band, several results indicate that there is a contribution from a QSO-like emission component, in addition to both variable and polarised jet emission. The unpolarised emission component is likely thermal radiation from the accretion disc that dilutes the jet polarisation. We estimate its brightness to be R(QSO) ~ 17.85 - 18 and derive the intrinsic jet polarisation degree. We find no clear correlation between the optical and radio light curves, while the correlation between the optical and γ-ray flux apparently fades in time, likely because of an increasing optical to γ-ray flux ratio. As suggested for other blazars, the long-term variability of 4C 38.41 can be interpreted in terms of an inhomogeneous bent jet, where different emitting regions can change their alignment with respect to the line of sight, leading to variations in the Doppler factor δ. Under the hypothesis that in the period 2008-2011 all the γ-ray and optical variability on a one-week timescale were due to changes in δ, this would range between ~ 7 and ~ 21. If the variability were caused by changes in the viewing angle θ only, then θ would go from ~ 2.6 degr to ~ 5 degr. Variations in the viewing angle would also account for the dependence of the polarisation degree on the source brightness in the framework of a shock-in-jet model.

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