夸克物质与核碰撞：强相互作用热力学简史
Quark Matter and Nuclear Collisions: A Brief History of Strong Interaction Thermodynamics
摘要：
在过去的五十年里，物理学出现了一个新的研究领域，即研究极端温度和密度下的物质。强相互作用理论，即量子色动力学（QCD），预测在这个极限下，物质将变成一种由退禁闭夸克和胶子组成的等离子体--这种介质在大爆炸后的前10微秒内构成了早期宇宙。高能核碰撞预计将在实验室中产生这种介质的短暂气泡。我综述了统计QCD和核碰撞研究在理论和实验上对强相互作用物质的分析。
英文摘要：
The past fifty years have seen the emergence of a new field of research in physics, the study of matter at extreme temperatures and densities. The theory of strong interactions, quantum chromodynamics (QCD), predicts that in this limit, matter will become a plasma of deconfined quarks and gluons -- the medium which made up the early universe in the first 10 microseconds after the big bang. High energy nuclear collisions are expected to produce short-lived bubbles of such a medium in the laboratory. I survey the merger of statistical QCD and nuclear collision studies for the analysis of strongly interacting matter in theory and experiment.
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