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arXiv 1207.0296astro-ph.HEastro-ph.CO
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黑洞吸积盘中并合驱动隙和洞的可观测结果

Observable Consequences of Merger-Driven Gaps and Holes in Black Hole Accretion Disks

Kayhan Gultekin, Jon M. Miller

摘要:

我们计算了一个黑洞吸积盘的可观察到的签名与间隙或孔所创建的次级黑洞嵌入磁盘。我们发现,对于一个有趣的参数范围,即黑洞质量(~10^6 ~ 10^9太阳质量)、轨道间距(~1 AU ~0.1 pc)和能隙宽度(10 ~ 190盘尺度高度),能隙中缺失的热辐射表现为光谱能量分布的可观察到的衰减。我们提出了观测诊断的幂律形式,可以适合于无线区域的活动星系核光谱或通量从序列的广泛的过滤器。最有趣的是,破缺幂律的斜率变化几乎完全取决于吸积盘的间隙宽度,而间隙宽度又唯一地由黑洞的质量比决定,因此它的尺度大约为q^(5/12)。因此,人们可以利用光谱观测明亮的活动星系核的连续体,不仅推断出一个紧密分离的黑洞双星的存在,而且推断出质量比。当黑洞合并在内部圆盘中打开一个完整的洞(或空腔)时,活动星系核或类星体的宽带SED可以作为诊断。这样的源在光学波段中应该特别明亮,但在X射线中本质上是暗淡的(即,而不仅仅是模糊的)。我们简要地注意到,可行的候选人可能已经被确定,虽然现存的详细建模那些高质量的数据还没有揭示一个内腔。

英文摘要:

We calculate the observable signature of a black hole accretion disk with a gap or hole created by a secondary black hole embedded in the disk. We find that for an interesting range of parameters of black hole masses (~10^6 to 10^9 solar masses), orbital separation (~1 AU to ~0.1 pc), and gap width (10 to 190 disk scale heights), the missing thermal emission from a gap manifests itself in an observable decrement in the spectral energy distribution. We present observational diagnostics in terms of power-law forms that can be fit to line-free regions in AGN spectra or in fluxes from sequences of broad filters. Most interestingly, the change in slope in the broken power-law is almost entirely dependent on the width of gap in the accretion disk, which in turn is uniquely determined by mass ratio of the black holes, such that it scales roughly as q^(5/12). Thus one can use spectral observations of the continuum of bright active galactic nuclei to infer not only the presence of a closely separated black hole binary but also the mass ratio. When the black hole merger opens an entire hole (or cavity) in the inner disk, the broad band SED of the AGN or quasar may serve as a diagnostic. Such sources should be especially luminous in optical bands but intrinsically faint in X-rays (i.e., not merely obscured). We briefly note that viable candidates may have already been identified, though extant detailed modeling of those with high quality data have not yet revealed an inner cavity.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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