qudits的运算拟概率
Operational quasiprobabilities for qudits
摘要：
我们提出了一个操作quaditts的准概率函数，使量子和隐变量理论之间的比较。我们表明，准概率函数成为半正定的，如果连续的测量结果所描述的隐变量模型与局部性和非侵入性的可测量性假设。否则，它是负值。负性取决于待测量的观测量以及给定的状态，因为准概率函数是操作定义的。我们还提出了一个边缘准概率函数，并表明它起着纠缠见证的两个qudits的作用。此外，我们还讨论了一个偏振量子比特的光学实验，以证明其准概率函数的非经典性。
英文摘要：
We propose an operational quasiprobability function for qudits, enabling a comparison between quantum and hidden-variable theories. We show that the quasiprobability function becomes positive semidefinite if consecutive measurement results are described by a hidden-variable model with locality and noninvasive measurability assumed. Otherwise, it is negative valued. The negativity depends on the observables to be measured as well as a given state, as the quasiprobability function is operationally defined. We also propose a marginal quasiprobability function and show that it plays the role of an entanglement witness for two qudits. In addition, we discuss an optical experiment of a polarization qubit to demonstrate its nonclassicality in terms of the quasiprobability function.
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