壳模型蒙特卡罗方法中重核振动集体性到转动集体性的交叉
Crossover from vibrational to rotational collectivity in heavy nuclei in the shell-model Monte Carlo approach
摘要：
随着中子或质子的数量从壳层闭合向中壳层增加，重核表现出从振动集体性到旋转集体性的交叉，但这种交叉的微观描述一直是一个重大挑战。我们应用壳模型蒙特卡罗方法的偶数-偶数钐和钕同位素的家庭，并确定了微观签名的交叉从振动到旋转集体在低温行为的$<\mathbf{J}^2>_T$，其中$\bf J$是总自旋和$T$是温度。该特征与从实验数据中提取的值吻合得很好。我们还计算了这些核的态密度，发现它们与实验数据非常吻合。最后，我们定义了一个集体增强因子的总态密度的比率的本征态密度计算在有限温度的Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov近似。这种增强因子随激发能的衰减与这些核中的配对和形状相变有关。
英文摘要：
Heavy nuclei exhibit a crossover from vibrational to rotational collectivity as the number of neutrons or protons increases from shell closure towards midshell, but the microscopic description of this crossover has been a major challenge. We apply the shell model Monte Carlo approach to families of even-even samarium and neodymium isotopes and identify a microscopic signature of the crossover from vibrational to rotational collectivity in the low-temperature behavior of $<\mathbf{J}^2>_T$, where $\bf J$ is the total spin and $T$ is the temperature. This signature agrees well with its values extracted from experimental data. We also calculate the state densities of these nuclei and find them to be in very good agreement with experimental data. Finally, we define a collective enhancement factor from the ratio of the total state density to the intrinsic state density as calculated in the finite-temperature Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approximation. The decay of this enhancement factor with excitation energy is found to correlate with the pairing and shape phase transitions in these nuclei.
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