一个精确可解的物种多样性〈动〉性<动>
An exactly solvable coarse-grained model for species diversity
摘要：
我们提出了新的分析结果，生态系统物种多样性〈动〉性<动>，源于一个建议的粗粒度中性模型的基础上的出生-死亡过程。该问题的相关性在于理解和综合生态中性学说〈动〉的理论成果和物种多样性〈动〉性<动>保护的经验证据的紧迫性。生物多样性中性模型是指在同一营养级上的生态系统，其人均生命率假定为物种独立的。中性学说〈动〉<动>的解析解是在一个粗粒度模型中得到的，其中唯一的输入是物种的持续时间分布。我们的结果涉及：生态系统中物种数量在瞬态和稳态下的概率分布函数; n点连接的时间相关函数;以及生存概率，定义为从群落中随机抽样的物种到局部灭绝的时间跨度分布。分析预测还测试从河口鱼类生态系统的经验数据。我们发现，新兴的生态系统的属性是非常强大的，不依赖于模型的具体细节，对生物多样性和保护生物学的影响。
英文摘要：
We present novel analytical results about ecosystem species diversity that stem from a proposed coarse grained neutral model based on birth-death processes. The relevance of the problem lies in the urgency for understanding and synthesizing both theoretical results of ecological neutral theory and empirical evidence on species diversity preservation. Neutral model of biodiversity deals with ecosystems in the same trophic level where per-capita vital rates are assumed to be species-independent. Close-form analytical solutions for neutral theory are obtained within a coarse-grained model, where the only input is the species persistence time distribution. Our results pertain: the probability distribution function of the number of species in the ecosystem both in transient and stationary states; the n-points connected time correlation function; and the survival probability, definned as the distribution of time-spans to local extinction for a species randomly sampled from the community. Analytical predictions are also tested on empirical data from a estuarine fish ecosystem. We find that emerging properties of the ecosystem are very robust and do not depend on specific details of the model, with implications on biodiversity and conservation biology.
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