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arXiv 1206.6496astro-ph.CO
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苏黎世环境研究小组在沿宇宙网络的群体Galerkin。III。不同环境中早、晚型超新星的星系光度测量和空间分辨颜色特性

The Zurich Environmental Study of Galaxies in Groups along the Cosmic Web. III. Galaxy Photometric Measurements and the Spatially-Resolved Color Properties of Early- and Late-Type Satellites in Diverse Environments

A. Cibinel, C. M. Carollo, S. J. Lilly, S. Bonoli, F. Miniati, A. Pipino, J. D. Silverman, J. H. van Gorkom, E. Cameron, A. Finoguenov, P. Norberg, Y. Peng, C. S. Rudick

摘要:

我们在苏黎世环境研究(ZENS)的0.05<z<0.0585组中对星系进行光度测量,并在可能的情况下测量它们的凸起和盘;这些测量包括(B-I)颜色、颜色梯度和地图、颜色色散以及恒星质量和恒星形成率。ZENS星系被分类为淬火,中度恒星形成,强烈恒星形成使用光谱特征和FUV-光学颜色的组合;这种方法最佳区分淬火系统从尘埃红色恒星形成星系。后者在~ 10^10 Msun时对(B-I)“红序”的贡献高达50%。在固定的形态或光谱类型下,我们发现星系恒星质量在很大程度上与环境无关,特别是与晕质量无关。作为首次利用我们的光度数据库,我们研究了在固定恒星质量和哈勃类型下,盘状卫星的(B-I)颜色、颜色梯度和颜色色散如何依赖于群质量(M_GROUP)、群中心距离(R/R_200)和大尺度结构过密度。最强的环境趋势被发现为磁盘为主的卫星与M_GROUP和R/R_200。当M<10^10 Msun时,星群内部的盘状卫星比外部的更红。在M>10^10 Msun时,这些卫星在高质量群和群的核心中的颜色梯度较浅,而在低质量群和群的外围。恒星星族分析和半解析模型表明,磁盘为主的卫星经历淬火的恒星形成在其外部磁盘,在时间尺度上~2 Gyr,因为他们逐步移动内的群体潜力。

英文摘要:

We present photometric measurements for the galaxies - and when possible their bulges and disks - in the 0.05<z<0.0585 groups of the Zurich Environmental Study (ZENS); these measurements include (B-I) colors, color gradients and maps, color dispersions, as well as stellar masses and star-formation rates. The ZENS galaxies are classified into quenched, moderately star-forming, and strongly star-forming using a combination of spectral features and FUV-to-optical colors; this approach optimally distinguishes quenched systems from dust-reddened star-forming galaxies. The latter contribute up to 50% to the (B-I) "red sequence" at ~10^10Msun. At fixed morphological or spectral type, we find that galaxy stellar masses are largely independent of environment, and especially of halo mass. As a first utilization of our photometric database, we study, at fixed stellar mass and Hubble type, how (B-I) colors, color gradients and color dispersion of disk satellites depend on group mass (M_GROUP), group-centric distance (R/R_200) and large-scale structure overdensity. The strongest environmental trend is found for disk-dominated satellites with M_GROUP and R/R_200. At M<10^10 Msun, disk-dominated satellites are redder in the inner regions of the groups than in the outer parts. At M>10^10 Msun, these satellites have shallower color gradients in higher mass groups and in the cores of groups compared with lower mass groups and the outskirts of groups. Stellar population analyses and semi-analytic models suggest that disk-dominated satellites undergo quenching of star formation in their outer disks, on timescales ~2 Gyr, as they progressively move inside the group potential.

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