作为资源分配系统的反应网络：非平衡定态的变分原理
Reaction networks as systems for resource allocation: A variational principle for their non-equilibrium steady states
摘要：
在一个完全微观的设置，我们推导出一个变分原理的非平衡稳态的化学反应网络，有效的时间尺度上的化学势可以采取缓慢变化：在平稳性下，系统最小化具有具有Hebbian耦合的Hopfield Hamiltonian形式的反应通量的全局函数，这显然与熵产生随时间的衰减率相对应。在这种类比的指导下，我们表明，反应网络可以被正式重新铸造为相互作用的反应系统，通过竞争底物，类似于代理竞争有限的资源，在最优分配问题，优化使用可用的化合物。作为一个例子，我们分析的情况下，出现在两个简单的情况下：玩具（随机）反应网络和人体红细胞的代谢网络模型。
英文摘要：
Within a fully microscopic setting, we derive a variational principle for the non-equilibrium steady states of chemical reaction networks, valid for time-scales over which chemical potentials can be taken to be slowly varying: at stationarity the system minimizes a global function of the reaction fluxes with the form of a Hopfield Hamiltonian with Hebbian couplings, that is explicitly seen to correspond to the rate of decay of entropy production over time. Guided by this analogy, we show that reaction networks can be formally re-cast as systems of interacting reactions that optimize the use of the available compounds by competing for substrates, akin to agents competing for a limited resource in an optimal allocation problem. As an illustration, we analyze the scenario that emerges in two simple cases: that of toy (random) reaction networks and that of a metabolic network model of the human red blood cell.
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