相变标准理论与梯度理论的统一
Unification of the standard and gradient theories of phase transition
摘要：
我们证明，相变的标准模型可以统一的梯度模型的相变的序参量的梯度的描述。提出了相变梯度理论关于序参量的四次方及其梯度的推广。这样的推广使得用统一的方法描述大类相变成为可能。特别是它是一致的非线性模型，可以用来描述一个相变的形成空间不均匀分布的序参量。这种结构（有或没有缺陷）的典型例子被认为是。我们表明，形成空间不均匀分布的序参量的过程中的相变是一个典型的特点，许多非线性模型的相变。
英文摘要：
We show, that the standard model of phase transition can be unified with the gradient model of phase transitions using the description in terms of the gradient of order parameter. The generalization of the gradient theory of phase transitions with regard to the fourth power of the order parameter and its gradient is proposed. Such generalization makes it possible to described wide class of phase transitions within a unified approach. In particular it is consistent with the nonlinear models, that can be used to describe a phase transition with the formation of spatially inhomogeneous distribution of the order parameter. Typical examples of such structures (with or without defects) are considered. We show that formation of spatially inhomogeneous distributions of the order parameter in the course of a phase transitions is a characteristic feature of many nonlinear models of phase transitions.
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