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arXiv 1206.4352astro-ph.SR
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参宿四星周包层的CARMA CO(J = 2 - 1)观测

CARMA CO(J = 2 - 1) Observations of the Circumstellar Envelope of Betelgeuse

Eamon O'Gorman, Graham M. Harper, Joanna M. Brown, Alexander Brown, Seth Redfield, Matthew J. Richter, Miguel A. Requena-Torres

摘要:

我们报告的12 C16 O 1.3毫米J = 2-1的发射线在拱星信封的M超巨星阿尔法猎户座的射电干涉观测和检测和分离的S1和S2流分量的第一次。观测是用毫米波天文学研究组合阵列(CARMA)干涉仪在C,D和E天线配置。我们获得良好的u-v覆盖范围(5-280 klambda),通过结合所有三种配置的数据,使我们能够跟踪空间尺度小至0.9 \arcsec超过32 \arcsec的视野。高光谱和高空间分辨率的C位形线剖面表明,S1流内部的外流速度相对于恒星静止坐标系具有轻微的不对称性,范围为-9.0 ~+10.6 km s-1。我们发现在这种配置中外部S2流的证据很少,因为这种发射的大部分已经被阵列空间过滤(解析)。我们还报告了SOFIA-GREAT CO(J= 12-11)的发射线轮廓,我们与这个内部较高的激发S1流。外部S2流出现在D和E配置地图和它的流出速度被发现是在很好的协议与高分辨率的光学光谱的K I在麦克唐纳天文台获得。我们在多组态图中对S1和S2进行成像,并在高绝对速度图中看到发射角大小的逐渐变化。我们将S1的外半径定为4 \arcsec,并提出S2超出CARMA的视场(1.3 mm处为32 \arcsec),半径为17 \arcsec,这比最近的单碟观测所表明的要大。当方位平均时,发现两种气流的强度衰减与R^{-1}成比例,其中R是投影半径,表示光学上的薄风,ρ \propto R^{-2}。

英文摘要:

We report radio interferometric observations of the 12C16O 1.3 mm J = 2-1 emission line in the circumstellar envelope of the M supergiant Alpha Ori and have detected and separated both the S1 and S2 flow components for the first time. Observations were made with the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA) interferometer in the C, D, and E antenna configurations. We obtain good u-v coverage (5-280 klambda) by combining data from all three configurations allowing us to trace spatial scales as small as 0.9\arcsec over a 32\arcsec field of view. The high spectral and spatial resolution C configuration line profile shows that the inner S1 flow has slightly asymmetric outflow velocities ranging from -9.0 km s-1 to +10.6 km s-1 with respect to the stellar rest frame. We find little evidence for the outer S2 flow in this configuration because the majority of this emission has been spatially-filtered (resolved out) by the array. We also report a SOFIA-GREAT CO(J= 12-11) emission line profile which we associate with this inner higher excitation S1 flow. The outer S2 flow appears in the D and E configuration maps and its outflow velocity is found to be in good agreement with high resolution optical spectroscopy of K I obtained at the McDonald Observatory. We image both S1 and S2 in the multi-configuration maps and see a gradual change in the angular size of the emission in the high absolute velocity maps. We assign an outer radius of 4\arcsec to S1 and propose that S2 extends beyond CARMA's field of view (32\arcsec at 1.3 mm) out to a radius of 17\arcsec which is larger than recent single-dish observations have indicated. When azimuthally averaged, the intensity fall-off for both flows is found to be proportional to R^{-1}, where R is the projected radius, indicating optically thin winds with ρ\propto R^{-2}.

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