arXiv 1206.21242012-06-11hep-ph

衍射物理学

Diffractive Physics

A. D. Martin, H. Hoeth, V. A. Khoze, F. Krauss, M. G. Ryskin, K. Zapp

备注：: 9 pages, 4 figures, Plenary talk at 6th International Conference on Quarks and Nuclear Physics, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, Paris, April 2012

摘要：

“软”高能相互作用在pp碰撞中显然是重要的。事实上，这些事件是占主导地位的许多数量级，约40%是衍射的起源;也就是说，由于弹性散射或质子解离。此外，软相互作用无疑为罕见的“硬”事件提供了一个潜在的组成部分，我们希望从中提取新的物理学。在这里，我们讨论如何量化这种污染。首先，我们简要介绍衍射。我们强调质子解离成低质量和高质量系统所需的不同治疗;前者需要一个多通道程函的方法，和后者的计算三重坡密子图与多坡密子校正。然后，我们给出了一个概述Pomeron，并解释QCD（BFKL型）Pomeron是如何从“硬”域到“软”域的自然对象。这样我们就可以得到软相互作用的部分子描述。我们介绍了所谓的KMR模型，基于这种部分子的方法，其中包括吸收多坡密子校正，变得越来越重要，因为我们进一步进入软域。该模型能够描述总的、弹性的和质子解离数据，并根据一些物理驱动的参数来预测大快度间隙到软重新散射的生存概率。然而，更多的微分现象，如单粒子p_t分布，只有在考虑强子化效应的情况下才能得到满意的描述。这是通过将KMR分析方法纳入SHERPA蒙特卡罗框架。它允许以连贯、自洽的方式描述软物理和衍射以及喷流物理。我们概述了结构，并显示了一些结果，这个蒙特卡洛，我们称之为SHRiMPS，原因将变得清晰。

英文摘要：

`Soft' high-energy interactions are clearly important in pp collisions. Indeed, these events are dominant by many orders of magnitude, and about 40% are of diffractive origin; that is, due to elastic scattering or proton dissociation. Moreover, soft interactions unavoidably give an underlying component to the rare `hard' events, from which we hope to extract new physics. Here, we discuss how to quantify this contamination. First we present a brief introduction to diffraction. We emphasize the different treatment required for proton dissociation into low- and high-mass systems; the former requiring a multichannel eikonal approach, and the latter the computation of triple-Pomeron diagrams with multi-Pomeron corrections. Then we give an overview of the Pomeron, and explain how the QCD (BFKL-type) Pomeron is the natural object to continue from the `hard' to the `soft' domain. In this way we can obtain a partonic description of soft interactions. We introduce the so-called KMR model, based on this partonic approach, which includes absorptive multi-Pomeron corrections that become increasingly important as we proceed further into the soft domain. This model is able to describe total, elastic and proton dissociation data, and to predict the survival probability of large rapidity gaps to soft rescattering --- in terms of a few physically-motivated parameters. However, more differential phenomena, such as single particle p_t distributions, can only be satisfactorily described if hadronization effects are included. This is achieved by incorporating the KMR analytic approach into the SHERPA Monte Carlo framework. It allows a description of soft physics and diffraction, together with jet physics, in a coherent, self-consistent way. We outline the structure, and show a few results, of this Monte Carlo, which we call SHRiMPS, for reasons which will become clear.

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