狄拉克系统中序参量纹理的守恒荷
Conserved charges of order-parameter textures in Dirac systems
摘要：
利用Clifford代数的表示理论，导出了二维凝聚态Dirac系统中存在质量序参量织构时诱导费米子流的简单表达式.特别是，它示出，在三个相互anticommuting序参量，在石墨烯中的每一个纹理，例如，意味着一个适当定义的保守电荷的诱导密度。一般电荷成为常见电荷的充分条件是粒子-空穴对称性所允许的剩余两个反对易序参量是某个超导序的两个相位分量。这允许在石墨烯中或在正方形晶格上的$π$通量哈密顿量中有八种不同类型的带电纹理。本文还讨论了拓扑绝缘体薄膜表面质量织构的广义电荷，以及蜂窝晶格上无自旋狄拉克费米子的广义电荷。
英文摘要：
A simple expression for the induced fermion current in the presence of a texture in mass-order-parameters in two-dimensional condensed-matter Dirac systems is derived using the representation theory of Clifford algebras. In particular, it is shown that every texture in three mutually anticommuting order parameters, in graphene for example, implies an induced density of a properly defined conserved charge. The sufficient condition for the general charge to be the familiar electrical charge is that the remaining two anticommuting order parameters allowed by the particle-hole symmetry are the two phase components of some superconducting order. This allows eight different types of electrically charged textures in graphene or in the $π$-flux Hamiltonian on the square lattice. Generalized charge of mass-textures on the surfaces of thin films of topological insulators, or in spinless Dirac fermions hopping on the honeycomb lattice is also discussed.
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