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arXiv 1206.0262math.NAcs.NAmath.PRmath.STstat.TH
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基于L1型先验的高维逆问题稀疏贝叶斯推断的快速马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛采样

Fast Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling for sparse Bayesian inference in high-dimensional inverse problems using L1-type priors

University of Münster(明斯特大学)

Felix Lucka

AI总结:

针对高维逆问题中的稀疏贝叶斯推断,提出一种基于L1型先验的单分量吉布斯MCMC采样器,其效率随稀疏性或未知数维度增加而提高,克服了传统Metropolis-Hastings采样器在高维稀疏情形下不可行的局限。

摘要:

稀疏性已成为使用变分正则化技术求解高维逆问题的关键概念。近年来,通过将稀疏约束编码到先验分布中,在贝叶斯框架下对逆问题施加类似稀疏约束的方法引起了关注。当使用促进稀疏性的反演时,关于正则化理论与贝叶斯推断之间关系的重要问题仍需解决。这些研究的一个实际障碍是缺乏针对稀疏高维贝叶斯反演的快速后验采样算法:要访问完整的贝叶斯推断方法范围,需要能够快速高效地从后验概率分布中抽取样本。这通常使用马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛(MCMC)采样算法完成。在本文中,我们开发并检验了一种针对依赖L1范数的稀疏先验的单分量吉布斯MCMC采样器的新实现。我们证明,当稀疏程度或未知数维度增加时,我们的吉布斯采样器的效率会提高。这一性质与最常用的Metropolis-Hastings(MH)采样方案的性质相反:我们证明,对于L1型先验,当稀疏程度或未知数维度增加时,MH方案的效率急剧下降。实际上,使用MH采样器对L1型先验进行贝叶斯反演完全不可行。由于这通常被认为是MCMC采样的固有特征,我们的吉布斯采样器的性能也挑战了关于基于样本的贝叶斯推断适用性的普遍看法。

英文摘要:

Sparsity has become a key concept for solving of high-dimensional inverse problems using variational regularization techniques. Recently, using similar sparsity-constraints in the Bayesian framework for inverse problems by encoding them in the prior distribution has attracted attention. Important questions about the relation between regularization theory and Bayesian inference still need to be addressed when using sparsity promoting inversion. A practical obstacle for these examinations is the lack of fast posterior sampling algorithms for sparse, high-dimensional Bayesian inversion: Accessing the full range of Bayesian inference methods requires being able to draw samples from the posterior probability distribution in a fast and efficient way. This is usually done using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling algorithms. In this article, we develop and examine a new implementation of a single component Gibbs MCMC sampler for sparse priors relying on L1-norms. We demonstrate that the efficiency of our Gibbs sampler increases when the level of sparsity or the dimension of the unknowns is increased. This property is contrary to the properties of the most commonly applied Metropolis-Hastings (MH) sampling schemes: We demonstrate that the efficiency of MH schemes for L1-type priors dramatically decreases when the level of sparsity or the dimension of the unknowns is increased. Practically, Bayesian inversion for L1-type priors using MH samplers is not feasible at all. As this is commonly believed to be an intrinsic feature of MCMC sampling, the performance of our Gibbs sampler also challenges common beliefs about the applicability of sample based Bayesian inference.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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