关于零温夸克数密度的早发性
On early onset of quark number density at zero temperature
摘要：
本文研究了在低温和非零夸克化学势下，夸克数密度起始于$μ=m_π/2$的格格点量子色动力学中一个长期存在的问题。我们在费米子行列式的约化公式中引入了本征值的物理参数化。结果表明，参数化使夸克数密度算符简化为夸克费米分布的表达式。对于每种组态，约化矩阵的本征值对应于夸克的单粒子能态。约化矩阵的本征谱的间隙对应于能态的间隙，这导致T=0时小$μ$的费米子行列式的$μ$ -独立性。一旦$μ$超过能隙，每个组态的夸克数密度就变成非零，这导致夸克数密度的早期出现。
英文摘要：
We study a longstanding problem in lattice QCD at low temperature and nonzero quark chemical potential on an onset of the quark number density at $μ=m_π/2$. We introduce a physical parametrization of the eigenvalues in the reduction formula of the fermion determinant. It is shown that the parametrization reduces the quark number density operator to an expression with the Fermi distribution of the quark. For each configuration, the eigenvalues of the reduced matrix correspond to one-particle energy states of a quark. The gap of the eigenspectrum of the reduced matrix corresponds to the gap of the energy states, which causes the $μ$-independence of the fermion determinant for small $μ$ at T=0. Once $μ$ exceeds the gap, the quark number density becomes nonzero for each configuration, which causes the early onset of the quark number density.
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