从微观角度看壁电荷和壁电势
Wall charge and potential from a microscopic point of view
摘要：
漂浮在电离气体中的宏观物体（等离子体壁）比离子更有效地积累电子，因为电子的流入超过了离子的流入。因此，由等离子体壁获得的浮置电势相对于等离子体电势为负。到目前为止，等离子体壁通常被视为电子和离子的完美吸收体，而不管负责电荷沉积和提取的表面处的微观物理。这种粗略的描述对于当今的技术等离子体来说是足够的，但在基于固态的气体放电中会遇到问题，其中随着持续的小型化，壁变成等离子体装置的组成部分，并且必须更精确地模拟穿过其的电荷转移。本文的目的是回顾我们的工作，在那里我们质疑完美的吸收体模型，并发起了一个微观描述的电荷转移通过等离子体壁，把它的角度来看，并指出未来的研究方向。
英文摘要：
Macroscopic objects floating in an ionized gas (plasma walls) accumulate electrons more efficiently than ions because the influx of electrons outruns the influx of ions. The floating potential acquired by plasma walls is thus negative with respect to the plasma potential. Until now plasma walls are typically treated as perfect absorbers for electrons and ions, irrespective of the microphysics at the surface responsible for charge deposition and extraction. This crude description, sufficient for present day technological plasmas, will run into problems in solid-state based gas discharges where, with continuing miniaturization, the wall becomes an integral part of the plasma device and the charge transfer across it has to be modelled more precisely. The purpose of this paper is to review our work, where we questioned the perfect absorber model and initiated a microscopic description of the charge transfer across plasma walls, put it into perspective, and indicate directions for future research.
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