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arXiv 1204.4479astro-ph.SRnlin.CDphysics.flu-dynphysics.plasm-ph
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磁流体动力学Turbulence和太阳风中的磁不连续性

Magnetic Discontinuities in Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence and in the Solar Wind

Vladimir Zhdankin, Stanislav Boldyrev, Joanne Mason, Jean Carlos Perez

摘要:

最近对太阳风湍流的测量报告指出,在磁场中存在间歇性的、指数分布的角度不连续性。在这封信中,我们研究这种不连续性是否可以产生的磁流体动力学(MHD)湍流。我们检测的不连续性,通过测量的波动的磁场方向,Δ θ,通过固定的空间增量Δ x在直接数值模拟的MHD湍流与施加均匀的引导场B_0。发现δ θ的概率密度函数(pdf)的一个大区域遵循指数衰减,与exp(-δ θ/θ_*)成比例,对于宽范围的导场强度,特征角θ_*~(14 deg)(b_rms/B_0)^0.65。我们发现,在太阳风中观察到的不连续性可以通过合理的b_rms/B_0比的MHD湍流再现。我们还观察到一个多余的小角度的不连续性时,Δ x变小,可能表明耗散尺度结构的统计意义越来越大。在这种情况下,pdf的结构非常类似于太阳风中的两种群pdf。因此,我们建议,强的不连续性与惯性范围内的MHD湍流,而弱的不连续性出现近耗散范围内的湍流。此外,我们发现磁场方向的结构函数呈现出反常的标度指数,这表明间歇结构的存在。

英文摘要:

Recent measurements of solar wind turbulence report the presence of intermittent, exponentially distributed angular discontinuities in the magnetic field. In this Letter, we study whether such discontinuities can be produced by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. We detect the discontinuities by measuring the fluctuations of the magnetic field direction, Delta theta, across fixed spatial increments Delta x in direct numerical simulations of MHD turbulence with an imposed uniform guide field B_0. A large region of the probability density function (pdf) for Delta theta is found to follow an exponential decay, proportional to exp(-Delta theta/theta_*), with characteristic angle theta_* ~ (14 deg) (b_rms/B_0)^0.65 for a broad range of guide-field strengths. We find that discontinuities observed in the solar wind can be reproduced by MHD turbulence with reasonable ratios of b_rms/B_0. We also observe an excess of small angular discontinuities when Delta x becomes small, possibly indicating an increasing statistical significance of dissipation-scale structures. The structure of the pdf in this case closely resembles the two-population pdf seen in the solar wind. We thus propose that strong discontinuities are associated with inertial-range MHD turbulence, while weak discontinuities emerge from near-dissipation-range turbulence. In addition, we find that the structure functions of the magnetic field direction exhibit anomalous scaling exponents, which indicates the existence of intermittent structures.

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