传统的形成方案无法解释4：3平均运动共振
Traditional formation scenarios fail to explain 4:3 mean motion resonances
摘要：
通过径向速度测量，至少发现了两个处于4：3平均运动共振的多行星系。这些行星是气态巨行星，只有在共振的保护下系统才是稳定的。此外，开普勒任务已经探测到至少4个周期比接近4：3的强候选行星系。本文研究了传统的动力学场景形成这些系统。我们系统地研究迁移的情况下，N体和流体动力学模拟。我们调查的情况下，涉及在原位形成的两个行星的共振。我们看看从微调行星行星散射模拟与气体盘阻尼的结果。最后，我们研究了一个形成的情况下，涉及隔离质量胚胎。虽然行星-行星散射和阻尼相结合的方案似乎很有希望，但上述方案都不能成功地形成足够的4：3共振系统，行星质量与观测到的相似。这是一个负面的结果，但它对行星形成有重要的影响。先前的研究成功地形成了2：1和3：2共振。这通常被认为是行星迁移的证据。我们强调了这些研究之间的主要差异，以及我们在形成4：3共振方面的失败。我们还推测更奇特和复杂的想法。这些结果将指导未来的研究人员在更一般的框架中探索上述情景和替代机制。
英文摘要：
At least two multi-planetary systems in a 4:3 mean motion resonance have been found by radial velocity surveys. These planets are gas giants and the systems are only stable when protected by a resonance. Additionally the Kepler mission has detected at least 4 strong candidate planetary systems with a period ratio close to 4:3. This paper investigates traditional dynamical scenarios for the formation of these systems. We systematically study migration scenarios with both N-body and hydro-dynamic simulations. We investigate scenarios involving the in-situ formation of two planets in resonance. We look at the results from finely tuned planet-planet scattering simulations with gas disk damping. Finally, we investigate a formation scenario involving isolation-mass embryos. Although the combined planet-planet scattering and damping scenario seems promising, none of the above scenarios is successful in forming enough systems in 4:3 resonance with planetary masses similar to the observed ones. This is a negative result but it has important implications for planet formation. Previous studies were successful in forming 2:1 and 3:2 resonances. This is generally believed to be evidence of planet migration. We highlight the main differences between those studies and our failure in forming a 4:3 resonance. We also speculate on more exotic and complicated ideas. These results will guide future investigators toward exploring the above scenarios and alternative mechanisms in a more general framework.
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