中子星物质的相变和各向异性形变
Phase Transition and Anisotropic Deformations of Neutron Star Matter
摘要：
Skyrme模型是一种低能的、有效场论，当它与引力场耦合时，提供了一个理想的描述中子星的半经典模型。我们使用由$α$ -like粒子的晶格组成的Skyrme晶体溶液作为构建块来构建最小能量中子星配置，允许晶体各向异性地应变。我们发现，低于1.49太阳质量的恒星的晶体变形各向同性和超过这个临界质量，它经历各向异性应变。然后我们发现中子星的最大质量是1.90太阳质量，这与最近对迄今发现的最大质量中子星的观测结果非常一致，计算解的半径也与实验估计的大约10 km的值相匹配。
英文摘要：
The Skyrme model is a low energy, effective field theory for QCD which when coupled to a gravitational field provides an ideal semi-classical model to describe neutron stars. We use the Skyrme crystal solution composed of a lattice of $α$-like particles as a building block to construct minimum energy neutron star configurations, allowing the crystal to be strained anisotropically. We find that below 1.49 solar masses the stars' crystal deforms isotropically and that above this critical mass, it undergoes anisotropic strain. We then find that the maximum mass allowed for a neutron star is 1.90 solar masses, in close agreement with a recent observation of the most massive neutron star yet found. The radii of the computed solutions also match the experimentally estimated values of approximately 10km.
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