电力网络的分析模型：西部US和ERCOT电网的情况
Analytical Models for Power Networks: The case of the Western US and ERCOT grids
摘要：
电力市场中，电网的拓扑结构对电力的可靠输送和电价结算起着关键作用。随着时间的推移，新能源和负荷进入电网，导致其结构和地理扩张，并可能影响其稳定运行。本文提出了一个直观的分析模型的时间演变的大型网格，并使用它来了解常见的结构特征，在美国各地的网格。特别是，关键的图形参数，如度分布，图形直径，介数中心，本征扩散和聚类系数，以及图形过程，如感染传播被用来量化模型的好处，通过与美国西部和ERCOT电网的比较。最显着的贡献是其分析的易处理性，这提供了一个封闭的形式表示的节点度分布在大网格中观察到。所讨论的模型可用于生成真实的测试用例，以分析拓扑对网格功能和新的网格技术的影响。
英文摘要：
The topological structure of the power grid plays a key role in the reliable delivery of electricity and price settlement in the electricity market. Incorporation of new energy sources and loads into the grid over time has led to its structural and geographical expansion and can affect its stable operation. This paper presents an intuitive analytical model for the temporal evolution of large grids and uses it to understand common structural features observed in grids across America. In particular, key graph parameters like degree distribution, graph diameter, betweenness centralities, eigen-spread and clustering coefficients, as well as graph processes like infection propagation are used to quantify the model's benefits through comparison with the Western US and ERCOT power grids. The most significant contribution of the developed model is its analytical tractability, that provides a closed form expression for the nodal degree distribution observed in large grids. The discussed model can be used to generate realistic test cases to analyze topological effects on grid functioning and new grid technologies.
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