玻色统计在晶体化和量子干扰中的作用
Role of Bose Statistics in Crystallization and Quantum Jamming
摘要：
粒子的不稳定性是玻色体系中晶体有序性不稳定的主要因素。我们描述这种效果的阻尼准粒子模式和费曼路径的双重语言，并说明它的偶极玻色子和散装凝聚氦四的第一性原理模拟。第一个主要的含义是，与传统观点相反，零点运动本身不能阻止氦-4在低温饱和蒸汽压下的结晶。其次，玻色统计导致有限温度下的量子干扰，大大增强了超流玻璃的亚稳性。只有对难以区分的粒子的研究才能可靠地解决这些问题。
英文摘要：
Indistinguishability of particles is a major factor destabilizing crystalline order in Bose systems. We describe this effect in terms of damped quasi-particle modes and in the dual language of Feynman paths, and illustrate it by first-principle simulations of dipolar bosons and bulk condensed helium-four. The first major implication is that, contrary to conventional wisdom, zero-point motion alone cannot prevent helium-four crystallization at low temperature, at saturated vapour pressure. Secondly, Bose statistics leads to quantum jamming at finite temperature, dramatically enhancing the metastability of superfluid glasses. Only studies of indistinguishable particles can reliably address these issues.
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