亚扩散效率悖论的解决方案：在活细胞中亚扩散条件下，非活性状态增强反应效率
A solution to the subdiffusion-efficiency paradox: Inactive states enhance reaction efficiency at subdiffusion conditions in living cells
摘要：
活生物细胞中的大分子拥挤影响较大生物分子如蛋白质和酶的亚扩散。模仿这种subdiffusion在随机游走的关键渗流集群，我们在这里提出了一个案例研究的EcoRV限制性内切酶参与重要的细胞防御。我们表明，由于其迄今难以捉摸的倾向，一个非活性状态的酶避免非特异性结合，并保持良好的分布在细胞的大部分细胞质。尽管亚扩散过程的体积探索能力降低，但这种机制保证了酶的高效率。通过变化的非特异性结合常数和渗透网络上的键占据概率，我们表明，减少非特异性结合是有益的，即使在相对较小的细菌细胞有效的亚扩散酶活性。我们的研究结果证实了一个更局部的细胞调节的图片。
英文摘要：
Macromolecular crowding in living biological cells effects subdiffusion of larger biomolecules such as proteins and enzymes. Mimicking this subdiffusion in terms of random walks on a critical percolation cluster, we here present a case study of EcoRV restriction enzymes involved in vital cellular defence. We show that due to its so far elusive propensity to an inactive state the enzyme avoids non-specific binding and remains well-distributed in the bulk cytoplasm of the cell. Despite the reduced volume exploration capability of subdiffusion processes, this mechanism guarantees a high efficiency of the enzyme. By variation of the non-specific binding constant and the bond occupation probability on the percolation network, we demonstrate that reduced non-specific binding are beneficial for efficient subdiffusive enzyme activity even in relatively small bacteria cells. Our results corroborate a more local picture of cellular regulation.
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