地形异常上方作为统计平衡态的底陷流
Bottom-trapped currents as statistical equilibrium states above topographic anomalies
摘要：
海洋地转湍流主要是被迫在表面，但强烈的底部被困流通常观察到沿地形异常。在这里，我们考虑的情况下，一个自由发展的，最初的表面强化速度场以上的地形隆起，并表明，自组织成一个底部被困电流可以导致其湍流动力学。使用平衡统计力学，我们解释了这种现象作为湍流搅拌的最可能的结果。我们明确计算一类解决方案，其特征在于位涡和流函数之间的线性关系，并预测何时底部加强预期。使用直接的数值模拟，我们提供了一个例子，这种现象，同意定性理论，虽然遍历性假设并没有严格履行。
英文摘要：
Oceanic geostrophic turbulence is mostly forced at the surface, yet strong bottom-trapped flows are commonly observed along topographic anomalies. Here we consider the case of a freely evolving, initially surface-intensified velocity field above a topographic bump, and show that the self-organization into a bottom-trapped current can result from its turbulent dynamics. Using equilibrium statistical mechanics, we explain this phenomenon as the most probable outcome of turbulent stirring. We compute explicitly a class of solutions characterized by a linear relation between potential vorticity and streamfunction, and predict when the bottom intensification is expected. Using direct numerical simulations, we provide an illustration of this phenomenon that agrees qualitatively with theory, although the ergodicity hypothesis is not strictly fulfilled.
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