文化组学与随机分形理论：对过去两个世纪社会和自然现象长期相关性的见解
Culturomics meets random fractal theory: Insights into long-range correlations of social and natural phenomena over the past two centuries
摘要：
文化组学是近年来兴起的一门应用高通量数据收集和分析技术研究人类文化的学科。在这里，我们利用这些数据，调查描述社会和自然现象的特定词汇的年度使用频率的波动，这些词汇来自过去两个世纪出版的书籍。我们表明，通过分形分析的赫斯特参数的确定提供了基本的见解包含在文化轨迹的长期相关性的性质，并通过这样做，提供了新的解释，什么可能是背后的主要驱动力检查的现象。很明显，我们发现社会和自然现象是由根本不同的过程控制的。虽然自然现象具有持续长程相关过程的典型特性，但社会现象更好地描述为非平稳，开关间歇或Levy walk过程。
英文摘要：
Culturomics was recently introduced as the application of high-throughput data collection and analysis to the study of human culture. Here we make use of this data by investigating fluctuations in yearly usage frequencies of specific words that describe social and natural phenomena, as derived from books that were published over the course of the past two centuries. We show that the determination of the Hurst parameter by means of fractal analysis provides fundamental insights into the nature of long-range correlations contained in the culturomic trajectories, and by doing so, offers new interpretations as to what might be the main driving forces behind the examined phenomena. Quite remarkably, we find that social and natural phenomena are governed by fundamentally different processes. While natural phenomena have properties that are typical for processes with persistent long-range correlations, social phenomena are better described as nonstationary, on-off intermittent, or Levy walk processes.
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