演化合成模型作为第一个星系的工具和指南
Evolutionary synthesis models as a tool and guide towards the first galaxies
摘要：
总结了演化综合模型的基本原理和组成部分，包括恒星演化、恒星大气、IMF、恒星形成历史、星云辐射以及ISM和IGM的衰减。本章重点特别是对金属贫和人口III占主导地位的星系预测的重要性问题。我们回顾了最近的预测的主要物理性质和相关的观测值的恒星形成星系的最新输入的基础上。这些量的预测金属丰度的依赖性和它们的物理原因进行了讨论。预测的观测值包括特别是restframe紫外光域与连续发射的恒星和电离ISM，以及从H，He和金属的发射线。基于这些预测，我们总结了主要的观测特征（发射线强度，颜色等），它可用于区分“正常”的恒星星族与金属含量非常低的物体甚至Pop III。演化合成模型为研究从邻近宇宙到第一星系的星系形成和演化提供了一个重要的基本工具。它们在许多应用中用于解释现有的观测结果，预测和指导未来的任务/仪器，并允许直接比较最先进的星系模拟和观测结果。
英文摘要：
We summarize the principles and fundamental ingredients of evolutionary synthesis models, which are stellar evolution, stellar atmospheres, the IMF, star-formation histories, nebular emission, and also attenuation from the ISM and IGM. The chapter focusses in particular on issues of importance for predictions of metal-poor and Population III dominated galaxies. We review recent predictions for the main physical properties and related observables of star-forming galaxies based on up-to-date inputs. The predicted metallicity dependence of these quantities and their physical causes are discussed. The predicted observables include in particular the restframe UV-to-optical domain with continuum emission from stars and the ionized ISM, as well as emission lines from H, He, and metals. Based on these predictions we summarize the main observational signatures (emission line strengths, colors etc.), which can be used to distinguish "normal" stellar populations from very metal-poor objects or even Pop III. Evolutionary synthesis models provide an important and fundamental tool for studies of galaxy formation and evolution, from the nearby Universe back to first galaxies. They are used in many applications to interpret existing observations, to predict and guide future missions/instruments, and to allow direct comparisons between state-of-the-art galaxy simulations and observations.
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