盖亚：大尺度流的窗口
Gaia: a Window to Large Scale Flows
摘要：
利用红移作为星系距离的代表，可以从未来的自行测量中获得遥远星系的二维横向特有速度的估计。我们提供的数学框架，分析二维横向运动，并表明它们提供了几个优势，传统的探头的大规模运动。它们完全独立于星系属性之间的任何内在关系，因此它们基本上没有选择偏差。它们不受均匀和非均匀Malmquist偏差的影响，这些偏差通常困扰着距离指示星表。他们提供了额外的信息，传统的探头，产生视线的特殊速度。此外，由于它们的二维性质，关于大尺度流动的涡度的基本问题可以得到解决。例如，盖亚预计将提供至少明亮星系的自行，具有高中心表面亮度，使自行成为基于当前和未来距离指示器测量的传统探测器的可能竞争者。
英文摘要：
Using redshifts as a proxy for galaxy distances, estimates of the 2D transverse peculiar velocities of distant galaxies could be obtained from future measurements of proper motions. We provide the mathematical framework for analyzing 2D transverse motions and show that they offer several advantages over traditional probes of large scale motions. They are completely independent of any intrinsic relations between galaxy properties, hence they are essentially free of selection biases. They are free from homogeneous and inhomogeneous Malmquist biases that typically plague distance indicator catalogs. They provide additional information to traditional probes which yield line-of-sight peculiar velocities only. Further, because of their 2D nature, fundamental questions regarding vorticity of large scale flows can be addressed. Gaia for example is expected to provide proper motions of at least bright galaxies with high central surface brightness, making proper motions a likely contender traditional probes based on current and future distance indicator measurements.
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