盐存在下的非线性电催化游泳
Nonlinear, electrocatalytic swimming in the presence of salt
摘要：
过氧化氢溶液中的小颗粒可以通过电催化反应推动自己。游动是由粒子周围的离子流驱动的。我们模拟这个过程中存在的一价盐，反应驱动的质子电流诱导盐离子电流。薄扩散层的理论，产生非线性，耦合输运方程。边界条件包括一个紧凑的斯特恩层的吸附离子。颗粒表面的电化学过程建模与Butler-Volmer型的一级反应。用数值方法求解了游泳速度方程。在过氧化氢的分解主要不产生电流的假设下，导出了一个解析近似。我们发现，游泳的速度增加线性过氧化氢浓度为小浓度。离子扩散对反应速率的影响可导致速度对过氧化氢浓度的函数呈凹形。粒子上的离子致密层减小了反应速率，从而降低了速度。我们的结果与已发表的实验数据一致。
英文摘要：
A small, bimetallic particle in a hydrogen peroxide solution can propel itself by means of an electrocatalytic reaction. The swimming is driven by a flux of ions around the particle. We model this process for the presence of a monovalent salt, where reaction-driven proton currents induce salt ion currents. A theory for thin diffuse layers is employed, which yields nonlinear, coupled transport equations. The boundary conditions include a compact Stern layer of adsorbed ions. Electrochemical processes on the particle surface are modeled with a first order reaction of the Butler-Volmer type. The equations are solved numerically for the swimming speed. An analytical approximation is derived under the assumption that the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide occurs mainly without inducing an electric current. We find that the swimming speed increases linearly with hydrogen peroxide concentration for small concentrations. The influence of ion diffusion on the reaction rate can lead to a concave shape of the function of speed vs. hydrogen peroxide concentration. The compact layer of ions on the particle diminishes the reaction rate and consequently reduces the speed. Our results are consistent with published experimental data.
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