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arXiv 1202.3442astro-ph.CO
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弱碰撞团内介质中的浮力不稳定性

Buoyancy Instabilities in a Weakly Collisional Intracluster Medium

Matthew W. Kunz, Tamara Bogdanovic, Christopher S. Reynolds, James M. Stone

摘要:

星系团的团内介质是一种弱碰撞的高β等离子体,其中热量和动量的传输主要沿着磁场线进行。各向异性热传导允许对流不稳定性由任一符号的温度梯度驱动,在非等温集群的外围的磁热不稳定性(MTI)和在其冷却核心的热通量浮力驱动的不稳定性(HBI)。我们采用雅典娜MHD代码来研究这些不稳定性的非线性演化,自洽包括各向异性粘性(即Braginskii压力各向异性),各向异性传导和辐射冷却的影响。我们强调了微尺度不稳定性的重要性,不可避免地伴随和调节的HBI和MTI产生的压力各向异性。我们发现,在所有的,但最内部的区域的冷核心集群,各向异性粘度显着削弱的HBI重新定向磁场线正交的温度梯度的能力。因此,虽然射电模式反馈在中心几十kpc中是必要的,但在哈勃时间的很大一部分时间内,传导可能能够抵消大部分冷核心的辐射损失。磁性排列的冷细丝然后能够通过局部热不稳定性形成。在冷暗条形成过程中的粘性耗散会产生伴随的热暗条,这可以在钱德拉对附近冷核星系团的深空观测中找到。在MTI的情况下,各向异性粘度保持磁场线的相干性超过更大的距离比在无粘的情况下,提供了一个自然的下限的规模上,该领域可以自由波动。在非线性状态下,磁场呈现折叠结构,其中场线曲率和场强度是反相关的。

英文摘要:

The intracluster medium of galaxy clusters is a weakly collisional, high-beta plasma in which the transport of heat and momentum occurs primarily along magnetic-field lines. Anisotropic heat conduction allows convective instabilities to be driven by temperature gradients of either sign, the magnetothermal instability (MTI) in the outskirts of non-isothermal clusters and the heat-flux buoyancy-driven instability (HBI) in their cooling cores. We employ the Athena MHD code to investigate the nonlinear evolution of these instabilities, self-consistently including the effects of anisotropic viscosity (i.e. Braginskii pressure anisotropy), anisotropic conduction, and radiative cooling. We highlight the importance of the microscale instabilities that inevitably accompany and regulate the pressure anisotropies generated by the HBI and MTI. We find that, in all but the innermost regions of cool-core clusters, anisotropic viscosity significantly impairs the ability of the HBI to reorient magnetic-field lines orthogonal to the temperature gradient. Thus, while radio-mode feedback appears necessary in the central few tens of kpc, conduction may be capable of offsetting radiative losses throughout most of a cool core over a significant fraction of the Hubble time. Magnetically-aligned cold filaments are then able to form by local thermal instability. Viscous dissipation during the formation of a cold filament produces accompanying hot filaments, which can be searched for in deep Chandra observations of nearby cool-core clusters. In the case of the MTI, anisotropic viscosity maintains the coherence of magnetic-field lines over larger distances than in the inviscid case, providing a natural lower limit for the scale on which the field can fluctuate freely. In the nonlinear state, the magnetic field exhibits a folded structure in which the field-line curvature and field strength are anti-correlated.

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