While the introduction of differential privacy has been a major breakthrough in the study of privacy preserving data publication, some recent work has pointed out a number of cases where it is not possible to limit inference about individuals. The dilemma that is intrinsic in the problem is the simultaneous requirement of data utility in the published data. Differential privacy does not aim to protect information about an individual that can be uncovered even without the participation of the individual. However, this lack of coverage may violate the principle of individual privacy. Here we propose a solution by providing protection to sensitive information, by which we refer to the answers for aggregate queries with small counts. Previous works based on $\ell$-diversity can be seen as providing a special form of this kind of protection. Our method is developed with another goal which is to provide differential privacy guarantee, and for that we introduce a more refined form of differential privacy to deal with certain practical issues. Our empirical studies show that our method can preserve better utilities than a number of state-of-the-art methods although these methods do not provide the protections that we provide.
Differentially Private Trajectory Data Publication
随着位置感知设备的日益普及,轨迹数据已经在各种应用领域中生成和收集。轨迹数据包含丰富的信息,对许多数据分析任务都很有用。然而,轨迹数据的不当发布和使用可能会危及个人隐私。然而,它已被证明,现有的隐私保护的轨迹数据发布方法,从基于分区的隐私模型,例如k-匿名,无法提供足够的隐私保护。本文以蒙特利尔地区公共交通机构Societe de transport de Montreal(STM)的数据发布为背景,研究了严格差分隐私模型下的轨迹数据发布问题。我们提出了一个有效的数据依赖性,但差异私人消毒算法,这是适用于不同类型的轨迹数据。我们的方法的效率来自自适应缩小输出域,通过建立一个嘈杂的前缀树的基础上的底层数据。此外,作为后处理步骤,我们利用前缀树的固有约束进行约束推理,这导致更好的实用性。这是第一篇介绍在差分隐私下发布大量轨迹数据的实用解决方案的论文。我们从计数查询和频繁序列模式挖掘的角度研究了净化数据的实用性。对STM真实轨迹数据的大量实验表明,我们的方法具有很高的实用性,并且可扩展到大型轨迹数据集。
Towards Utility-driven Anonymization of Transactions
组织越来越需要以匿名形式发布个人特定的交易。最近的方法确保了潜在的识别信息(例如,一组诊断代码)不能用于将已发布的事务链接到个人的身份,但是所有这些都在应用中受到限制,因为它们结合了粗略的隐私要求(例如,保护M个诊断代码的某个集合需要保护所有M大小的集合),不集成效用要求,并且倾向于探索解决方案空间的一小部分。在本文中,我们提出了一个更一般的框架,匿名交易数据的特定隐私和实用程序的要求。我们建模等要求的约束,调查如何可以指定这些约束,并提出COAT(COnstraint-based Ancriminization of Transactions),一种算法,匿名交易使用一个灵活的无层次的泛化方案,以满足指定的约束。基准数据集的实验验证了COAT在数据效用方面显着优于当前最先进的算法,同时在效率方面具有可比性。我们的方法的有效性也在现实世界的场景中得到了证明,这需要以在预期研究中保留隐私和实用性的方式传播私人的、患者特定的事务数据集。