基于多波段成像和光谱学的两个化石星系群与正常星系群NGC 6034性质的比较
Comparison of the properties of two fossil groups of galaxies with the normal group NGC 6034 based on multiband imaging and optical spectroscopy
摘要：
我们收集了两个化石组（RX J1119.7+2126和1 RXS J235814.4+150524）和一个正常组（NGC 6034）的多波段成像和光谱。我们计算了每组中心区域的光度红移，将以前的数据与SDSS五波段数据相结合。对每一个星群，我们研究了色-星等关系的红序，计算了光度函数、恒星星族年龄和星群成员分布。光谱学使我们能够研究这些群体的大规模环境和1 RXS J235814.4+150524和NGC 6034中的子结构水平。1 RXS J235814.4+150524的大尺度环境很差，尽管它的星系密度图显示出周围宇宙网的清晰特征。RX J1119.7+2126看起来非常孤立，而NGC 6034的宇宙环境非常丰富。在组规模下，1 RXS J235814.4+150524显示无亚结构。星系团与最近的恒星星族似乎优先位于集团的外围。在颜色-星等图中，RS对于所有三个组都是可辨别的。光度红移选择和统计背景扣除的基础上的光度函数具有可比的形状，并同意从光谱红移获得的几个点。这些光度函数仅显示了化石星系群中第一和第二亮星系之间的预期倾角。它们的形状也是规则的，相对平坦，在RX J1119.7+2126和NGC 6034的完整性水平下的微弱星等，而1 RXS J235814.4+150524明显缺乏微弱的星系。RX J1119.7+2126肯定是一个化石群，1 RXS J235814.4+150524也具有非常接近化石群的性质，而我们确认NGC 6034是一个正常群。
英文摘要：
We collected multiband imaging and spectroscopy for two fossil groups (RX J1119.7+2126 and 1RXS J235814.4+150524) and one normal group (NGC 6034). We computed photometric redshifts in the central zones of each group, combining previous data with the SDSS five-band data. For each group we investigated the red sequence (RS) of the color-magnitude relation and computed the luminosity functions, stellar population ages and distributions of the group members. Spectroscopy allowed us to investigate the large-scale surroundings of these groups and the substructure levels in 1RXS J235814.4+150524 and NGC 6034. The large-scale environment of 1RXS J235814.4+150524 is poor, though its galaxy density map shows a clear signature of the surrounding cosmic web. RX J1119.7+2126 appears to be very isolated, while the cosmic environment of NGC 6034 is very rich. At the group scale, 1RXS J235814.4+150524 shows no substructure. Galaxies with recent stellar populations seem preferentially located in the group outskirts. A RS is discernable for all three groups in a color-magnitude diagram. The luminosity functions based on photometric redshift selection and on statistical background subtraction have comparable shapes, and agree with the few points obtained from spectroscopic redshifts. These luminosity functions show the expected dip between first and second brightest galaxies for the fossil groups only. Their shape is also regular and relatively flat at faint magnitudes down to the completeness level for RX J1119.7+2126 and NGC 6034, while there is a clear lack of faint galaxies for 1RXS J235814.4+150524. RX J1119.7+2126 is definitely classified as a fossil group; 1RXS J235814.4+150524 also has properties very close to those of a fossil group, while we confirm that NGC 6034 is a normal group.
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