应用量子力学于宏观和介观系统
Applying quantum mechanics to macroscopic and mesoscopic systems
摘要：
存在一种范式，其中量子力学是一种专门发展的理论，以解释微观尺度上的现象。由于普朗克常数非常小，$h\sim10^{-34}{J.s}$，并且在德布罗意关系中，波长与动量成反比;对于介观或宏观物体，布罗意波长非常小，因此该物体的波动行为是不可检测的。在本文中，我们表明，一个粒子围绕其经典轨迹振荡，作用是一个量子的作用，$S = nh_{o}$的整数倍。作用量子$h_{o}$的作用相当于普朗克常数，它是一个自由参数，必须确定，并取决于所考虑的物理系统。对于介观和宏观系统：$h_{o}\gg h$，这使我们能够用量子力学的形式描述这些系统。
英文摘要：
There exists a paradigm in which Quantum Mechanics is an exclusively developed theory to explain phenomena on a microscopic scale. As the Planck's constant is extremely small, $h\sim10^{-34}{J.s}$, and as in the relation of de Broglie the wavelength is inversely proportional to the momentum; for a mesoscopic or macroscopic object the Broglie wavelength is very small, and consequently the undulatory behavior of this object is undetectable. In this paper we show that with a particle oscillating around its classical trajectory, the action is an integer multiple of a quantum of action, $S = nh_{o}$. The quantum of action, $h_{o}$, which plays a role equivalent to Planck's constant, is a free parameter that must be determined and depends on the physical system considered. For a mesoscopic and macroscopic system: $h_{o}\gg h$, this allows us to describe these systems with the formalism of quantum mechanics.
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