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arXiv 1202.1832astro-ph.GA
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探索巨恒星的晕子结构:包括半人马座欧米茄扩展潮汐碎片的网格巨恒星巡天中看到的局部晕子结构

Exploring Halo Substructure with Giant Stars: Substructure in the Local Halo as Seen in the Grid Giant Star Survey Including Extended Tidal Debris from Omega Centauri

Steven R. Majewski, David L. Nidever, Verne V. Smith, Guillermo J. Damke, William E. Kunkel, Richard J. Patterson, Dmitry Bizyaev, Ana E. Garcia Perez

摘要:

本文给出了南半球格网巨星巡天(GGSS)中3318颗太阳下金属度V<13.5的恒星的纬度归一化视向速度(Vb)分布。样本中包括了大部分距离银河系盘和晕约5千秒差距的巨星。发现附近的晕(1)表现出明显的运动学亚结构,(2)由几个速度相干结构突出地代表,包括在l~285度的非常逆行的恒星“云”和延伸的逆行“流”,可以看到相对较紧的l-vb序列。在银河系第四象限的一个序列位于l-vb空间内,预计包含来自wCentauri“星团”的潮汐碎片。wCen不仅精确地位于这个l-vb序列中,而且成员星的位置和vb与以wCen当前位置和空间运动结束的轨道上潮汐扰动矮星系的N体模拟相匹配。但是,我们很可能发现wCen潮汐流扩展部分的最终证据来自恒星子样本的阶梯光谱,它揭示了一个非常特殊的化学丰度特征,已知只发生在wCen中。新发现的wCen碎片几乎占了GGSS南部所有的银河系第四象限逆行星,这表明wCen是银河系内部逆行巨星的主要贡献者。

英文摘要:

We present the latitude-normalized radial velocity (vb) distribution of 3318 subsolar metallicity, V<13.5 stars from the Grid Giant Star Survey (GGSS) in Southern Hemisphere fields. The sample includes giants mostly within ~5 kpc from the Galactic disks and halo. The nearby halo is found to (1) exhibit significant kinematical substructure, and (2) be prominently represented by several velocity coherent structures, including a very retrograde "cloud" of stars at l~285 deg and extended, retrograde "streams" visible as relatively tight l-vb sequences. One sequence in the fourth Galactic quadrant lies within the l-vb space expected to contain tidal debris from the "star cluster" wCentauri. Not only does wCen lie precisely in this l-vb sequence, but the positions and vb of member stars match those of N-body simulations of tidally disrupting dwarf galaxies on orbits ending with wCen's current position and space motion. But the ultimate proof that we have very likely found extended parts of the wCen tidal stream comes from echelle spectroscopy of a subsample of the stars that reveals a very particular chemical abundance signature known to occur only in wCen. The newly discovered wCen debris accounts for almost all fourth Galactic quadrant retrograde stars in the southern GGSS, which suggests wCen is a dominant contributor of retrograde giant stars in the inner Galaxy.

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