黑洞对粒子的加速是减速的结果：BSW效应运动学性质的最终表现
Acceleration of particles by black holes as a result of deceleration: ultimate manifestation of kinematic nature of BSW effect
摘要：
最近发现的所谓BSW效应是在黑洞视界附近两个碰撞粒子的质心系中能量E_{c.m.}的无束缚增长。我们考虑了一种新的类型的相应的情况下，两个粒子（“临界”）保持在附近的视界附近的带电近极值黑洞由于吸引力和排斥力之间的平衡休息。另一个以接近光速的速度撞击它。这种情况显示在一个最明显的方式BSW效应的运动学性质。在极端极限，我们会得到形式上无限大的E_{c.m.}，但这不会发生，因为它需要临界质量粒子在零视界表面上保持静止，这是不可能的。我们还讨论了极端Reissner-Nordström黑洞度规中临界粒子在视界附近保持静止时的BSW效应。
英文摘要：
The recently discovered so-called BSW effect consists in the unbound growth of the energy E_{c.m.} in the centre of mass frame of two colliding particles near the black hole horizon. We consider a new type of the corresponding scenario when one of two particles ("critical") remains at rest near the horizon of the charged near-extremal black hole due to balance between the attractive and repulsion forces. The other one hits it with a speed close to that of light. This scenario shows in a most pronounced way the kinematic nature of the BSW effect. In the extremal limit, one would gain formally infinite E_{c.m.} but this does not happen since it would have require the critical massive particle to remain at rest on the null horizon surface that is impossible. We also discuss the BSW effect in the metric of the extremal Reissner-Nordström black hole when the critical particle remains at rest near the horizon.
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