布朗马达与随机共振
Brownian Motors and Stochastic Resonance
摘要：
研究了棘轮势上步行者的输运性质。步行者由两个粒子组成，它们通过一个非对称的周期性棘轮势耦合在一起，使得粒子在通过一维非对称的周期性棘轮势移动时可以交换顺序。我们认为，在过阻尼的情况下，棘轮上的步行者的随机动力学与外部周期强迫。这两个粒子的耦合对应于一个单一的有效粒子，描述了内部的自由度，在一个势能。这种双阱势受到周期性强迫和噪声的影响，因此能够实现随机共振现象。主要的结果是，有一个最佳的噪声量的系统的周期性响应的振幅是最大的，随机共振的信号，正是对于这个最佳的噪声的步行者的平均速度是最大的，这意味着随机共振和棘轮效应之间的强联系。
英文摘要：
We study the transport properties for a walker on a ratchet potential. The walker consists of two particles coupled by a bistable potential that allow the interchange of the order of the particles while moving through a one-dimensional asymmetric periodic ratchet potential. We consider the stochastic dynamics of the walker on a ratchet with an external periodic forcing, in the overdamped case. The coupling of the two particles corresponds to a single effective particle, describing the internal degree of freedom, in a bistable potential. This double-well potential is subjected to both a periodic forcing and noise, and therefore is able to provide a realization of the phenomenon of stochastic resonance. The main result is that there is an optimal amount of noise where the amplitude of the periodic response of the system is maximum, a signal of stochastic resonance, and that precisely for this optimal noise the average velocity of the walker is maximal, implying a strong link between stochastic resonance and the ratchet effect.
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