非交换心理变量序贯测量中的阶次效应
Order Effects in Sequential Measurements of Non-Commuting Psychological Observables
摘要：
对非对易观测量的连续测量会产生量子物理学中众所周知的有序效应。但它们的概念基础，一个重要的测量相互作用，是相关的更一般的情况。我们认为，非交换性在心理学中是无处不在的，几乎每一个与心理系统的相互作用都以一种无法控制的方式改变该系统。因此，序列测量的心理顺序效应是可以预期的。在本文中，我们专注于这种效果的理论基础。我们从理论上对顺序效应的几个家族进行了分类，将它们与心理学观察相关联，并预测了尚未被经验发现的效应。我们评估的复杂性，相关的预测能力，特别是（希尔伯特空间）模型的顺序效应，并讨论可能的局限性，这样的模型。
英文摘要：
Sequential measurements of non-commuting observables produce order effects that are well-known in quantum physics. But their conceptual basis, a significant measurement interaction, is relevant for far more general situations. We argue that non-commutativity is ubiquitous in psychology where almost every interaction with a mental system changes that system in an uncontrollable fashion. Psychological order effects for sequential measurements are therefore to be expected as a rule. In this paper we focus on the theoretical basis of such effects. We classify several families of order effects theoretically, relate them to psychological observations, and predict effects yet to be discovered empirically. We assess the complexity, related to the predictive power, of particular (Hilbert space) models of order effects and discuss possible limitations of such models.
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