信息物理系统中互连链路的最优分配：相互依赖、级联故障和鲁棒性
Optimal Allocation of Interconnecting Links in Cyber-Physical Systems: Interdependence, Cascading Failures and Robustness
摘要：
我们考虑由两个相互作用的网络组成的网络物理系统，即，一个覆盖在物理网络上的虚拟网络据设想，这些系统更容易受到攻击，因为一个网络中的节点故障可能导致（由于相互依赖性）另一个网络中的故障，从而导致可能导致整个基础设施崩溃的级联故障。相互依赖的系统对这种灾难性故障的鲁棒性在很大程度上取决于将一个网络中的节点连接到另一个网络中的节点的（互连）链路的分配。在本文中，我们描述了最佳的链路间分配策略，以防止随机攻击的情况下，每个单独的网络的拓扑结构是未知的。特别是，我们分析了“定期”分配策略，分配完全相同数量的双向网络间的链接到系统中的所有节点。我们表明，无论是分析和实验，这种策略产生更好的性能（从网络弹性的角度来看）相比，所有可能的策略，包括使用随机分配，单向互连等策略。
英文摘要：
We consider a cyber-physical system consisting of two interacting networks, i.e., a cyber-network overlaying a physical-network. It is envisioned that these systems are more vulnerable to attacks since node failures in one network may result in (due to the interdependence) failures in the other network, causing a cascade of failures that would potentially lead to the collapse of the entire infrastructure. The robustness of interdependent systems against this sort of catastrophic failure hinges heavily on the allocation of the (interconnecting) links that connect nodes in one network to nodes in the other network. In this paper, we characterize the optimum inter-link allocation strategy against random attacks in the case where the topology of each individual network is unknown. In particular, we analyze the "regular" allocation strategy that allots exactly the same number of bi-directional inter-network links to all nodes in the system. We show, both analytically and experimentally, that this strategy yields better performance (from a network resilience perspective) compared to all possible strategies, including strategies using random allocation, unidirectional inter-links, etc.
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