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arXiv 1201.2079hep-thgr-qchep-ph
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信息悖论:冲突与解决

The information paradox: conflicts and resolutions

Samir D. Mathur

摘要:

长期以来,许多相对论者一直相信,黑洞蒸发会导致信息丢失或残留。然而,弦理论家并不太担心这个问题,主要是因为他们相信霍金关于信息损失的论证在细节上是有缺陷的。最近导出的一个不等式表明,霍金关于具有视界的黑洞的论证实际上是可以变得严格的。相反,在弦论中,黑洞的微观状态是没有视界的。这样,辐射量子随E ~ kT的演化在视界处被阶数单位修正,从而解决了信息佯谬。我们讨论如何它仍然是可能的E >> kT对象看到一个近似的黑洞一样的几何形状。我们还注意到这种物理学对早期宇宙的一些可能影响。

英文摘要:

Many relativists have been long convinced that black hole evaporation leads to information loss or remnants. String theorists have however not been too worried about the issue, largely due to a belief that the Hawking argument for information loss is flawed in its details. A recently derived inequality shows that the Hawking argument for black holes with horizon can in fact be made rigorous. What happens instead is that in string theory black hole microstates have no horizons. Thus the evolution of radiation quanta with E ~ kT is modified by order unity at the horizon, and we resolve the information paradox. We discuss how it is still possible for E >> kT objects to see an approximate black hole like geometry. We also note some possible implications of this physics for the early Universe.

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