再谈自然性问题--谁怕二次发散？--
Revisiting the Naturalness Problem -- Who is afraid of quadratic divergences? --
摘要：
人们普遍认为，二次发散严重限制了标准模型（SM）之外的粒子物理模型的自然构建。超对称性提供了一个漂亮的解决方案，但最近的LHC实验已经排除了SM的超对称扩展的大参数区域。现在重要的是重新考虑我们是否误解了场论中的二次发散。本文从Wilson重整化群的观点出发，重新讨论了这个问题，并指出在模型构造中应简单地减去二次发散，因为二次发散总是可以被吸收到临界面的某个位置。这样的图片给了另一个理由的论点，规模不变性的SM，除了软断裂的条款，是一个替代解决方案的自然性问题。它还大大拓宽了模型构造的可能性，因为我们只需要考虑对数发散，这会导致各种物理尺度的混合和耦合的运行。
英文摘要：
It is widely believed that quadratic divergences severely restrict natural constructions of particle physics models beyond the standard model (SM). Supersymmetry provides a beautiful solution, but the recent LHC experiments have excluded large parameter regions of supersymmetric extensions of the SM. It will now be important to reconsider whether we have been misinterpreting the quadratic divergences in field theories. In this paper, we revisit the problem from the viewpoint of the Wilsonian renormalization group and argue that quadratic divergences, which can always be absorbed into a position of the critical surface, should be simply subtracted in model constructions. Such a picture gives another justification to the argument that the scale invariance of the SM, except for the soft-breaking terms, is an alternative solution to the naturalness problem. It also largely broadens possibilities of model constructions beyond the SM since we just need to take care of logarithmic divergences, which cause mixings of various physical scales and runnings of couplings.
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