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arXiv 1112.0980astro-ph.CO
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探测重子声学振荡

Detecting Baryon Acoustic Oscillations

A. Labatie, J. -L. Starck, M. Lachièze-Rey

摘要:

重子声学振荡是早期宇宙等离子体中传播的声波在星系分布中留下的特征。它们在大尺度结构中的预期尺度上的探测,有力地支持了当前的宇宙学模型,该模型从红移约1000开始近似线性演化,并且存在暗能量。此外,BAO为研究宇宙膨胀提供了一个标准标尺。在本文中,我们专注于使用关联函数测量的BAO检测方法。对于每种方法,我们都想了解测试的假设(要拒绝的假设H0)和基本假设。我们首先提出了小波方法,这是温和的模型依赖性和最敏感的BAO功能。然后我们转向完全依赖模型的方法。我们提出了最常用的基于卡方统计量的方法,但我们发现它有局限性。一般来说,卡方检验法的假设并没有得到验证,它只是给出了显著性的一个粗略估计。当考虑更现实的假设时,估计可能会变得非常错误,其中测量的协方差矩阵取决于宇宙学参数。相反,我们建议使用一种新的方法,基于两个修改:我们修改的程序计算的意义,使其严格,我们修改的统计量,以获得更好的结果,在不同的协方差矩阵的情况下。我们通过模拟验证了正确的显著性与使用经典卡方检验方法得到的显著性是不同的。我们还测试了一个简单的例子,不同的协方差矩阵。在这种情况下,我们发现,当两个显著性都被正确计算时,我们修改后的统计量优于经典的卡方统计量。最后,我们发现,考虑到协方差矩阵的变化可以改变两个BAO检测水平和宇宙学参数的约束。

英文摘要:

Baryon Acoustic Oscillations are a feature imprinted in the galaxy distribution by acoustic waves traveling in the plasma of the early universe. Their detection at the expected scale in large-scale structures strongly supports current cosmological models with a nearly linear evolution from redshift approximately 1000, and the existence of dark energy. Besides, BAOs provide a standard ruler for studying cosmic expansion. In this paper we focus on methods for BAO detection using the correlation function measurement. For each method, we want to understand the tested hypothesis (the hypothesis H0 to be rejected) and the underlying assumptions. We first present wavelet methods which are mildly model-dependent and mostly sensitive to the BAO feature. Then we turn to fully model-dependent methods. We present the most often used method based on the chi^2 statistic, but we find it has limitations. In general the assumptions of the chi^2 method are not verified, and it only gives a rough estimate of the significance. The estimate can become very wrong when considering more realistic hypotheses, where the covariance matrix of the measurement depends on cosmological parameters. Instead we propose to use a new method based on two modifications: we modify the procedure for computing the significance and make it rigorous, and we modify the statistic to obtain better results in the case of varying covariance matrix. We verify with simulations that correct significances are different from the ones obtained using the classical chi^2 procedure. We also test a simple example of varying covariance matrix. In this case we find that our modified statistic outperforms the classical chi^2 statistic when both significances are correctly computed. Finally we find that taking into account variations of the covariance matrix can change both BAO detection levels and cosmological parameter constraints.

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