论电与磁的相对论统一
On the relativistic unification of electricity and magnetism
摘要：
狭义相对论实现的电磁统一几十年来一直是理论物理学中统一的模型。我们从经典的观点讨论电场和磁场之间的关系，然后考察四个主要的相关作者（洛伦兹、庞加莱、爱因斯坦、闵可夫斯基）是如何处理建立不同惯性系中场的变换定律的问题的。我们认为，庞加莱的推导转换法律的潜力和领域肯定是不那么任意比其他引用的作者，对比这一事实，在这里，在其他情况下，庞加莱的贡献相对论是贬低权威的德国物理学家在头二十年。在历史分析的过程中，一些问题，这是当代的基本利益有关相对论电磁学的审查，特别强调的作用，潜力介绍电磁学，和一些错误的历史和基础文献得到纠正。
英文摘要：
The unification of electricity and magnetism achieved by special relativity has remained for decades a model of unification in theoretical physics. We discuss the relationship between electric and magnetic fields from a classical point of view, and then examine how the four main relevant authors (Lorentz, Poincaré, Einstein, Minkowski) dealt with the problem of establishing the transformation laws of the fields in different inertial systems. We argue that Poincaré's derivation of the transformation laws for the potentials and the fields was definitely less arbitrary than those of the other cited authors, contrast this with the fact that here, as in other instances, Poincaré's contribution to relativity was belittled by authoritative German physicists in the first two decades. In the course of the historical analysis a number of questions which are of contemporary foundational interest concerning relativistic electromagnetism are examined, with special emphasis on the role of potentials in presentations of electromagnetism, and a number of errors in the historical and foundational literature are corrected.
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