在日冕X射线观测中装有聚光器的单象元PIN光谱仪SCXM的模拟性能
Simulated performance of a single pixel PIN spectrometer SCXM equipped with concentrator optics in Solar coronal X-ray observations
摘要：
在本文中，我们提出了模拟太阳日冕X射线观测，以验证一个新的假设仪器设计的灵敏度。这些模拟通过具有1.6度的中等尺寸圆形视场的该X射线光谱仪折叠。SCXM（Solar Coronal X射线Mapper）是由单像素硅PIN探测器和单反射双锥台X射线光学系统组成。一个中等的FoV将使形态学研究的扩大X射线发射从太阳日冕在高活动期间。SCXM的主要科学任务是绘制日冕X射线发射图，即解析太阳周围X射线表面亮度的径向分布。这种离边观测将有助于解释日冕等离子体诊断作为伸长角的函数。还可以使用SCXM进行直接太阳全盘观测。在这项工作中，我们应用SMART-1 XSM（X射线太阳监测器）获得的真实日冕X射线数据来模拟不同通量水平下的太阳观测，以获得SCXM的全盘灵敏度和性能。SCXM的一个挑战性尝试也将是区分太阳周围衰变轴子的X射线光谱。这些轴子被认为是太阳核心聚变反应的副产物。这些轴子被预测为被引力捕获，围绕太阳运行，形成类似光环的X射线发射体。迄今为止，还没有观测到围绕太阳的轴子X射线发射的特征。这种带有光学集中器的简单X射线光谱仪与具有成像能力的更精确的X射线仪器相比，是一种质量和遥测预算低的廉价仪器。因此，SCXM将是一个先进的选择，作为一个辅助仪器的太阳日冕X射线观测。
英文摘要：
In this paper we present simulated solar coronal X-ray observations to verify the sensitivity of a new hypothetical instrument design. These simulations are folded through this X-ray spectrometer having a moderate size circular field of view of 1.6 degrees. This SCXM (Solar Coronal X-ray Mapper) is designed to compose of a single pixel silicon PIN detector equipped with a single reflection double frustum X-ray optics. A moderate FoV would enable a morphological study of the expanded X-ray emission from the solar corona during a high activity of the Sun. The main scientific task of SCXM would be the mapping of the coronal X-ray emission, i.e. to resolve the radial distribution of the X-ray surface brightness around the Sun. These kind of off-limb observations would help to interpret the coronal plasma diagnostics as a function of the elongation angle. Direct solar full disc observations could be also performed with SCXM. In this work we have applied real solar coronal X-ray data obtained by the SMART-1 XSM (X-ray Solar Monitor) to simulate on-solar observations at different flux levels to derive full disc sensitivity and performance of SCXM. A challenging attempt for SCXM would also be to distinguish the X-ray spectrum of the decaying axions around the Sun. These axions are assumed to be created as side products of fusion reactions in the core of the Sun. These axions are predicted to be gravitationally trapped to orbit the Sun forming a halo-like X-ray emitting object. No signature of an axion X-ray emission around the Sun has been observed to this day. This simple X-ray spectrometer with an optical concentrator would be an inexpensive instrument with low mass and telemetry budgets compared with more accurate X-ray instruments of imaging capability. Hence SCXM would be an advanced choice as an auxiliary instrument for solar coronal X-ray observations.
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