处于十字路口的人口合成
Population Synthesis at the Crossroads
摘要：
本文综述了群体合成的最新进展。该领域目前正在进行重大修订，承认几个关键过程是新的关键成分。随机效应可以人为地增强或抑制某些演化阶段和/或恒星质量状态，并在例如，恒星初始质量函数的确定。后主序星演化通常与恒星性质在超短时间尺度上的不规则变化有关。例子是渐近巨星分支星和明亮的蓝色变星，这两个都在模型中处理得很差。恒星很少孤立地形成，真正的单星可能非常小。因此，恒星的多样性必须考虑，因为许多系统将在其演化过程中发展潮汐相互作用。最后但并非最不重要的是，恒星旋转可以大大增加恒星的温度和光度，这反过来又导致人口合成模型中的质量与光比的修正。
英文摘要：
The current state-of-the-art of population synthesis is reviewed. The field is currently undergoing major revisions with the recognition of several key processes as new critical ingredients. Stochastic effects can artificially enhance or suppress certain evolutionary phases and/or stellar mass regimes and introduce systematic biases in, e.g., the determination of the stellar initial mass function. Post-main-sequence evolution is often associated with irregular variations of stellar properties on ultra-short time-scales. Examples are asymptotic giant branch stars and luminous blue variables, both of which are poorly treated in the models. Stars rarely form in isolation, and the fraction of truly single stars may be very small. Therefore, stellar multiplicity must be accounted for since many systems will develop tidal interaction over the course of their evolution. Last but not least, stellar rotation can drastically increase stellar temperatures and luminosities, which in turn leads to revised mass-to-light ratios in population synthesis models.
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