达沃斯、莫纳罗亚和伊扎纳大气气溶胶尺寸分布的无标度普适谱
Scale-free Universal Spectrum for Atmospheric Aerosol Size Distribution for Davos, Mauna Loa and Izana
摘要：
大气流动表现出分形波动和逆幂律形式的功率谱表示的涡旋连续结构的自相似波动。作者发展的分形涨落的一般系统理论是基于简单的可视化，即大涡旋由封闭湍流涡旋的时空积分形成，这一概念类似于经典统计物理学中的气体动力学理论。大气涡旋连续统的有序增长处于动力学平衡状态，并与最大熵产生有关。该模型预测普遍的（无标度）逆幂律形式的分形波动表示的黄金平均值。大气颗粒物悬浮在垂直风速的分形波动中。均匀大气悬浮颗粒物的质量或半径（尺寸）分布表示为一个通用的尺度无关的函数的黄金平均值，总数浓度和平均体积半径。模型预测的光谱与AERONET（气溶胶逆温）站达沃斯和莫纳罗亚2010年和Izana 2009年日平均值的总平均半径大小光谱一致（在平均值两侧的两个标准差内）。气溶胶粒径分布的一般系统理论模型是无标度的，直接从大气涡旋动力学概念导出。目前，大气悬浮颗粒物粒径分布的经验模型，如对数正态分布和任意常数，被用来定量估算与气候变冷/变暖趋势有关的地气辐射收支。通用气溶胶谱在气候模式地气系统辐射平衡计算中具有应用价值。
英文摘要：
Atmospheric flows exhibit fractal fluctuations and inverse power law form for power spectra indicating an eddy continuum structure for the selfsimilar fluctuations. A general systems theory for fractal fluctuations developed by the author is based on the simple visualisation that large eddies form by space-time integration of enclosed turbulent eddies, a concept analogous to Kinetic Theory of Gases in Classical Statistical Physics. The ordered growth of atmospheric eddy continuum is in dynamical equilibrium and is associated with Maximum Entropy Production. The model predicts universal (scale-free) inverse power law form for fractal fluctuations expressed in terms of the golden mean. Atmospheric particulates are held in suspension in the fractal fluctuations of vertical wind velocity. The mass or radius (size) distribution for homogeneous suspended atmospheric particulates is expressed as a universal scale-independent function of the golden mean, the total number concentration and the mean volume radius. Model predicted spectrum is in agreement (within two standard deviations on either side of the mean) with total averaged radius size spectra for the AERONET (aerosol inversions) stations Davos and Mauna Loa for the year 2010 and Izana for the year 2009 daily averages. The general systems theory model for aerosol size distribution is scale free and is derived directly from atmospheric eddy dynamical concepts. At present empirical models such as the log normal distribution with arbitrary constants for the size distribution of atmospheric suspended particulates are used for quantitative estimation of earth-atmosphere radiation budget related to climate warming/cooling trends. The universal aerosol size spectrum will have applications in computations of radiation balance of earth-atmosphere system in climate models.
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