常用的轻重软件方法论的综合研究
A Comprehensive Study of Commonly Practiced Heavy and Light Weight Software Methodologies
摘要：
软件在现代社会的发展中扮演着重要的角色。软件行业可以选择合适的方法/过程模型，以满足其当前的需求，为问题提供解决方案。虽然一些公司有自己的定制方法来开发他们的软件，但大多数人认为软件方法分为重量级和轻量级两类。重量级方法论（瀑布模型，螺旋模型）也被称为传统方法论，其重点是详细的文档，包容性规划和外向设计。轻量级方法（XP，SCRUM）被称为敏捷方法。轻量级方法主要集中在短的迭代周期，并依赖于团队内部的知识。本文的目的是描述流行的重量级和轻量级的方法，广泛应用于软件行业的特点。我们已经讨论了所选模型的优点和缺点。此外，我们还讨论了这两种对立方法的优点和缺点，并说明了一些标准，帮助项目经理选择合适的模型，为他们的项目。
英文摘要：
Software has been playing a key role in the development of modern society. Software industry has an option to choose suitable methodology/process model for its current needs to provide solutions to give problems. Though some companies have their own customized methodology for developing their software but majority agrees that software methodologies fall under two categories that are heavyweight and lightweight. Heavyweight methodologies (Waterfall Model, Spiral Model) are also known as the traditional methodologies, and their focuses are detailed documentation, inclusive planning, and extroverted design. Lightweight methodologies (XP, SCRUM) are, referred as agile methodologies. Light weight methodologies focused mainly on short iterative cycles, and rely on the knowledge within a team. The aim of this paper is to describe the characteristics of popular heavyweight and lightweight methodologies that are widely practiced in software industries. We have discussed the strengths and weakness of the selected models. Further we have discussed the strengths and weakness between the two opponent methodologies and some criteria is also illustrated that help project managers for the selection of suitable model for their projects.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
