（6070）Rheinland的自旋矢量和形状及其意义
Spin vector and shape of (6070) Rheinland and their implications
摘要：
主带小行星（6070）Rheinland和（54827）2001 NQ 8属于一小部分位于非常相似的日心轨道上的天体。Vokrouhlicky & Nesvorny（2008，AJ 136，280）提出了一个术语“小行星对”，指出它们在过去几十到几百ky的共同起源。先前试图重建莱茵兰和2001 NQ 8分离时的初始配置，导致预测莱茵兰的旋转应该是逆行的。在这里，我们报告广泛的光度观测这颗小行星，并使用光变曲线反演技术，直接确定其旋转状态和形状。我们证实了莱茵的逆行旋转方向，其旋转度值被限制为>= 140度。极位的黄道经度还没有得到很好的约束。莱茵兰的光变曲线的不对称行为反映了我们对这颗小行星的凸形表示中一个尖锐的、接近平面的边缘。我们在红色滤光片中的校准观测还允许我们确定H-G系统的$H_R = 13.68\pm 0.05$和$G = 0.31\pm 0.05$值。利用S-型小行星的特征色指数$V-R = 0.49\pm 0.05$，我们得到了（6070）Rheinland的绝对星等的$H = 14.17\pm 0.07$。这是一个比以前从天体测量观测分析中获得的值大得多的值。接下来，我们使用莱茵兰的不确定性约束，以消除一定程度的不确定性，在过去的传播其轨道。这是因为过去的长期变化的半长轴，由于雅科夫斯基效应的迹象，现在受到限制。小行星（54827）2001 NQ 8的第二部分的旋转状态的确定是进一步限制这对小行星的年龄及其形成过程的关键因素。
英文摘要：
Main belt asteroids (6070) Rheinland and (54827) 2001NQ8 belong to a small population of couples of bodies which reside on very similar heliocentric orbits. Vokrouhlicky & Nesvorny (2008, AJ 136, 280) promoted a term "asteroid pairs", pointing out their common origin within the past tens to hundreds of ky. Previous attempts to reconstruct the initial configuration of Rheinland and 2001NQ8 at the time of their separation have led to the prediction that Rheinland's rotation should be retrograde. Here we report extensive photometric observations of this asteroid and use the lightcurve inversion technique to directly determine its rotation state and shape. We confirm the retrograde sense of rotation of Rheinland, with obliquity value constrained to be >= 140 deg. The ecliptic longitude of the pole position is not well constrained as yet. The asymmetric behavior of Rheinland's lightcurve reflects a sharp, near-planar edge in our convex shape representation of this asteroid. Our calibrated observations in the red filter also allow us to determine $H_R = 13.68\pm 0.05$ and $G = 0.31\pm 0.05$ values of the H-G system. With the characteristic color index $V-R = 0.49\pm 0.05$ for the S-type asteroids, we thus obtain $H = 14.17\pm 0.07$ for the absolute magnitude of (6070) Rheinland. This a significantly larger value than previously obtained from analysis of the astrometric survey observations. We next use the obliquity constraint for Rheinland to eliminate some degree of uncertainty in the past propagation of its orbit. This is because the sign of the past secular change of its semimajor axis due to the Yarkovsky effect is now constrained. Determination of the rotation state of the secondary component, asteroid (54827) 2001NQ8, is the key element in further constraining the age of the pair and its formation process.
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