γ-软核中的鲁棒正则性及其微观实现
Robust Regularity in γ-Soft Nuclei and its Microscopic Realization
摘要：
在能量密度泛函的框架下研究了原子核的γ软度.通过将一组具有代表性的非轴向中重核和重核的约束微观能面映射到包含三体相互作用的质子-中子相互作用玻色子模型（IBM-2）的哈密顿量，计算了低能集体能谱和跃迁率.分析了区分非轴核的两种极限几何图像：刚性三轴转子和γ不稳定转子的观测量。结果表明，这些图片都没有实现在实际的核，和微观描述导致的结果，几乎完全在两个几何极限之间。这一发现指出了γ-软核IBM哈密顿量的最佳选择。
英文摘要：
γ-softness in atomic nuclei is investigated in the framework of energy density functionals. By mapping constrained microscopic energy surfaces for a set of representative non-axial medium-heavy and heavy nuclei to a Hamiltonian of the proton-neutron interacting boson model (IBM-2) containing up to three-body interactions, low-lying collective spectra and transition rates are calculated. Observables are analyzed that distinguish between the two limiting geometrical pictures of non-axial nuclei: the rigid-triaxial rotor and the γ-unstable rotor. It is shown that neither of these pictures is realized in actual nuclei, and that a microscopic description leads to results that are almost exactly in between the two geometrical limits. This finding points to the optimal choice of the IBM Hamiltonian for γ-soft nuclei.
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