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arXiv 1109.4944astro-ph.CO
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Keck重子结构巡天中z~2.4恒星形成星系附近的中性氢光学厚度

Neutral hydrogen optical depth near star-forming galaxies at z~2.4 in the Keck Baryonic Structure Survey

Olivera Rakic, Joop Schaye, Charles C. Steidel, Gwen C. Rudie

摘要:

[摘要]我们通过测量z~2.4恒星形成星系附近中性氢的吸收来研究星系与星系际介质之间的界面。我们的样本由679个静止系紫外选择星系组成,这些星系的光谱红移与15个明亮的背景类星体之一的视线的碰撞参量< 2(适当)Mpc。我们提出的第一个2-D地图的吸收星系周围,绘制的中位数Ly-A像素的光学深度作为横向和视线,LOS,从星系分离的函数。平均光学深度,以及氢原子的平均密度,在100千秒差距附近下降了一个数量级以上,这与被认为是星系所在的晕的维里半径相似。中值保持增强(>3西格玛水平)至至少2.8Mpc(即> 9 Mpc)。在100(200)kpc以内,当速度超过\pm 165 km/s时,Ly-a光学厚度大于1的气体覆盖率为100(+0)(-32)%(86(+14)(-18)%)。tau(Ly-a)> 0.1的吸收体通常比随机的更接近星系。吸收体周围的平均星系过密度随光学深度的增加而增加,也随星系过密度评估的长度尺度的减小而增加。tau(Ly-a)~1的吸收体位于星系数密度接近宇宙平均值的区域,其尺度大于0.25 Mpc。我们检测到两种类型的红移空间各向异性。在< 200 km/s或< 1 Mpc的尺度上,沿视线方向的吸收比横向强。这种“上帝之指”效应可能部分是由于红移误差,但可能是由晕内或非常接近晕的气体运动所主导。另一方面,在1.4 - 2.0 Mpc的尺度上,吸收沿着LOS被压缩(>3 sigma显著性),我们将其归因于大尺度的下降(即Kaiser效应)。

英文摘要:

[Abridged] We study the interface between galaxies and the intergalactic medium by measuring the absorption by neutral hydrogen in the vicinity of star-forming galaxies at z~2.4. Our sample consists of 679 rest-frame-UV selected galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts that have impact parameters < 2 (proper) Mpc to the line of sight of one of 15 bright, background QSOs. We present the first 2-D maps of the absorption around galaxies, plotting the median Ly-a pixel optical depth as a function of transverse and line of sight, LOS, separation from galaxies. The median optical depth, and hence the median density of atomic hydrogen, drops by more than an order of magnitude around 100 kpc, which is similar to the virial radius of the halos thought to host the galaxies. The median remains enhanced (>3 sigma level) out to at least 2.8 Mpc (i.e. > 9 comoving Mpc). Within 100 (200) kpc, and over \pm 165 km/s, the covering fraction of gas with Ly-a optical depth greater than unity is 100(+0)(-32)% (86(+14)(-18)%). Absorbers with tau(Ly-a)> 0.1 are typically closer to galaxies than random. The mean galaxy overdensity around absorbers increases with the optical depth and also as the length scale over which the galaxy overdensity is evaluated is decreased. Absorbers with tau(Ly-a)~1 reside in regions where the galaxy number density is close to the cosmic mean on scales > 0.25 Mpc. We detect two types of redshift space anisotropies. On scales < 200 km/s, or < 1 Mpc, the absorption is stronger along the LOS than in the transverse direction. This "finger of God" effect may be partly due to redshift errors, but is probably dominated by gas motions within or very close to the halos. On the other hand, on scales of 1.4 - 2.0 Mpc the absorption is compressed along the LOS (>3 sigma significance), which we attribute to large-scale infall (i.e. the Kaiser effect).

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