单粒子干涉与两粒子碰撞
Single-particle interference versus two-particle collisions
摘要：
我们考虑一个介观电路中的量子霍尔效应制度，包括两个同步的单粒子源发射粒子到马赫-曾德尔干涉仪。虽然来自一个源的粒子可能会在干涉仪输出端发生干涉，但来自第二个源的粒子直接注入干涉仪的一个臂中，并用于产生可调谐和相干的干涉抑制。如果来自两个不同来源的粒子在干涉仪输出处碰撞，则转移到输出触点之一的电荷的磁通量依赖性被抑制。相反，在固定时间的电流中的干涉图案被保留，并且第二源的影响以时间相关的相移表现出来。
英文摘要：
We consider a mesoscopic circuit in the quantum Hall effect regime comprising two synchronized single-particle sources emitting particles into a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. While particles from one source can possibly interfere at the interferometer output, particles from the second source are injected directly into one of the interferometer's arms and are used to create tunable and coherent suppression of interference. If particles from the two different sources collide at the interferometer output the magnetic-flux dependence of the charge transferred to one of the output contacts is suppressed. In contrast the interference pattern in the current at a fixed time is preserved and the impact of the second source manifests itself in a time-dependent phase-shift.
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