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arXiv 1109.1504cs.NE
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求解进化算法运行时间下限的一种新方法

A New Method for Lower Bounds on the Running Time of Evolutionary Algorithms

Dirk Sudholt

摘要:

我们提出了一种新的方法来证明进化算法的期望运行时间的下界。它是基于适应度水平分区和一个额外的条件之间的转移概率的适应度水平。该方法是通用的,直观的,优雅的,非常强大的。它为LO、OneMax、长k路径和具有唯一最优值的所有函数产生精确或接近精确的下界。大多数下界是非常普遍的:它们适用于所有只使用位翻转突变作为变异算子的进化算法,即适用于所有选择算子和种群模型。下限与突变率的依赖关系。这些结果具有很强的意义。它们允许确定用于LO和OneMax的最佳基于突变的算法,即,该算法最小化适合度评估的期望数量。这包括最佳突变率的选择。

英文摘要:

We present a new method for proving lower bounds on the expected running time of evolutionary algorithms. It is based on fitness-level partitions and an additional condition on transition probabilities between fitness levels. The method is versatile, intuitive, elegant, and very powerful. It yields exact or near-exact lower bounds for LO, OneMax, long k-paths, and all functions with a unique optimum. Most lower bounds are very general: they hold for all evolutionary algorithms that only use bit-flip mutation as variation operator---i.e. for all selection operators and population models. The lower bounds are stated with their dependence on the mutation rate. These results have very strong implications. They allow to determine the optimal mutation-based algorithm for LO and OneMax, i.e., which algorithm minimizes the expected number of fitness evaluations. This includes the choice of the optimal mutation rate.

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