由累积的扩散质子照射的分子云产生的伽马射线。II：相互作用的超新星遗迹
Gamma-rays from molecular clouds illuminated by accumulated diffusive protons. II: interacting supernova remnants
摘要：
最近的观测表明，在与分子云相互作用的银河系γ射线超新星遗迹中，~GeV的谱折是普遍存在的，并且大多数超新星遗迹都有一个从谱折向低能延伸的谱（$E^2dF/dE$）“平台”。在论文I（Li & Chen 2010）中，我们通过考虑在SNR扩展的整个历史中从冲击波阵面逃逸的扩散质子的积累，建立了一个累积扩散模型。在本文中，我们改进了模型，将有限体积的MCs，证明了粒子扩散参数和云大小的模型的依赖性，并将其应用到9个相互作用的SNR（W28，W 41，W 44，W 49 B，W51 C，天鹅座圈，IC 443，CTB 37 A，和G349.7+0.2）。这个改进的模型自然解释了GeV的光谱突变，特别是“平台”，连同可用的TeV数据。我们发现，扩散系数δ的指数在0.5-0.7之间，与银河系的平均值相近，而SNRs附近的宇宙射线扩散系数比银河系的平均值低两个数量级，这是SNRs附近宇宙射线扩散受到抑制的一个很好的指示。
英文摘要：
Recent observations reveal that spectral breaks at ~GeV are commonly present in Galactic gamma-ray supernova remnants (SNRs) interacting with molecular clouds and that most of them have a spectral ($E^2dF/dE$) "platform" extended from the break to lower energies. In paper I (Li & Chen 2010), we developed an accumulative diffusion model by considering an accumulation of the diffusive protons escaping from the shock front throughout the history of the SNR expansion. In this paper, we improve the model by incorporating finite-volume of MCs, demonstrate the model dependence on particle diffusion parameters and cloud size, and apply it to nine interacting SNRs (W28, W41, W44, W49B, W51C, Cygnus Loop, IC443, CTB 37A, and G349.7+0.2). This refined model naturally explains the GeV spectral breaks and, especially, the "platform"s, together with available TeV data. We find that the index of the diffusion coeffcient δ is in the range of 0.5-0.7, similar to the galactic averaged value, and the diffusion coefficient for cosmic rays around the SNRs is essentially two orders of magnitude lower than the Galactic average, which is a good indication for the suppression of cosmic ray diffusion near SNRs.
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