在纯计分规则中走向完全二分法的可能获胜者问题的最后一步
Taking the Final Step to a Full Dichotomy of the Possible Winner Problem in Pure Scoring Rules
摘要:
可能获胜者问题(英语:Possible Winner problem)是指在一场选举中,选民对候选人的偏好只被部分地指定,那么指定的候选人是否可以通过适当地扩大所有选票而成为获胜者。Betzler和Dorn [1]证明了一个结果,该结果距离该问题的完全二分法只有一步之遥,对于无加权投票者和无限候选人数量的重要类别的纯评分规则:除了复数,否决权和向量为(2,1,...,1,0),但是对于复数和否决在多项式时间内是可解的。我们采取最后一步,通过证明可能的赢家对于向量为(2,1,.的评分规则也是NP完全的,来实现完全二分法。1.0)。
英文摘要:
The Possible Winner problem asks, given an election where the voters' preferences over the candidates are specified only partially, whether a designated candidate can become a winner by suitably extending all the votes. Betzler and Dorn [1] proved a result that is only one step away from a full dichotomy of this problem for the important class of pure scoring rules in the case of unweighted voters and an unbounded number of candidates: Possible Winner is NP-complete for all pure scoring rules except plurality, veto, and the scoring rule with vector (2,1,...,1,0), but is solvable in polynomial time for plurality and veto. We take the final step to a full dichotomy by showing that Possible Winner is NP-complete also for the scoring rule with vector (2,1,...,1,0).
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